- 2059 - TIME - why does it move forward? Any universal concept of time must ultimately be based on the evolution of the Universe. The fact that the night sky is dark tells us that space and time are expanding. The faster you move relative to someone, the slower time will pass for you relative to our perception of time.
- --------------------- 2059 - Time, why does it move forward?
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- I have some 18 Reviews about Time. All available upon request. It is a difficult subject. This Review, #2059, follows after a list of highlights found in previous reviews.:
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- (1) Review #1992 - Time , mysteries still unfold. General Relativity changed our thinking about time. Increasing entropy is causing increasing quantum entanglement. Metric Tensor math defines curved spacetime due to gravity.
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- (2) Review #1174. - Time is a fundamental concept that Quantum Mechanics and General Relativity disagree about.
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- (3) #1735 - Time is only strange if you think about it. Mass is only a concentrated form of energy.
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- (4) # 1691 - Time moves slower as you move faster. Gravity is the curvature of spacetime.
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- (5) #1621 - Everything you see is younger than when you see it.
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- (6) #1189 - No two times are the same if they are separated in space.
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- (7) #356 - Zepto-seconds used to study the motion of atoms.
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- (8) #354 - The Universe calendar starting at 10^-43 seconds and going to year 80,000. It is several pages long.
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- (9) #37 - Deriving the Time Dilation equations using the Pythagorean Theorem.
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- --------------------- # 2059 Time - why does it move forward?
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- While we take for granted that time has a given direction most physicists maintain that most natural laws are “time reversible”. This means they would work just as well if time were defined as running backwards. So why does time always run forward?
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- Any universal concept of time must ultimately be based on the evolution of the Universe. It has a beginning and it has an end. In between is time. When you look up into the night sky you are seeing events that happened in the past. It takes light time to reach us. In fact, even the simplest observation can help us understand cosmological time.
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- The fact that the night sky is dark tells us that space and time are expanding. If the universe had a finite past and was finite in extent, the night sky would be completely bright, filled with the light from an infinite number of stars in a cosmos that had always existed.
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- For a long time scientists, including Albert Einstein, thought that the universe was static and infinite. Observations have since shown that it is in fact expanding at an accelerating rate. This means that it must have originated from a more compact state then expanded as the Big Bang, implying that time does have a beginning. If we look for light that is old enough we can even see the relic radiation from Big Bang that is the Cosmic Microwave Background.
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- Einstein’s special theory of relativity, shows that time is relative. The faster you move relative to someone, the slower time will pass for you relative to our perception of time. So in our universe of expanding galaxies experiences of time vary. Everyone’s past, present and future is relative.
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- It turns out that because the universe is on average the same everywhere, and on average looks the same in every direction, there does exist a "universal time”. To measure it, all we have to do is measure the properties of the cosmic microwave background. Cosmologists have used this to determine the age of the universe to be 13,800,000,000 years old.
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- In the dimension of space, you can move forwards and backwards. But time is different, it has a direction, you always move forward, never backwards. So the fact that the dimension of time irreversible is one of the major unsolved problems in physics.
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- To explain why time is irreversible, there is a processes in nature that is also irreversible. “Entropy” in physics is that things tend to become more randomized as time passes. Entropy only has one direction. Disorder is always increasing on the grandest scales.
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- Imagine a box of gas in which all the particles were initially placed in one corner ( state of order ). Over time they would naturally seek to fill the entire box (a state of disordered, and randomness ). To put the particles back into an ordered state would require energy. This is irreversible. It’s like cracking an egg to make an omelet. Once it spreads out and fills the frying pan, it will never go back to being and egg again. It is the same with the universe. As the universe evolves, the overall entropy always increases.
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- It turns out entropy is a pretty good way to explain time’s arrow. And while it may seem like the universe is becoming more ordered rather than less. The universe is going from a wild sea of relatively uniformly spread out hot gas in its early stages to stars, planets, humans. It is nevertheless possible that it is increasing in disorder. That is because the gravity associated with large masses is pulling matter into seemingly ordered states. The increase in disorder that we think must have taken place is somehow hidden away in the gravitational fields. Disorder could be increasing even though we don’t see it.
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- Given nature’s tendency to prefer disorder, why did the universe start off in such an ordered state in the first place? This is still considered a mystery. Some researchers argue that the Big Bang may not even have been the beginning, there may in fact be “parallel universes" where time runs in different directions.
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- Time had a beginning but whether it will have an end depends on the nature of the dark energy that is causing the universe to expand at an accelerating rate. The rate of this expansion may eventually tear the universe apart, forcing it to end in a Big Rip. Or, dark energy may decay, reversing the Big Bang ending the Universe in a Big Crunch; or the Universe may simply expand forever.
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- Would any of these future scenarios end time? According to the strange rules of quantum mechanics, tiny random particles can momentarily pop in and out of a vacuum. Some have argued that dark energy could cause such “quantum fluctuations” giving rise to a new Big Bang, ending our time line and starting a new one. While this is extremely speculative and highly unlikely, what we do know is that only when we understand dark energy will we know the fate of the universe.
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- Time is simply a defined instrument for measuring increments of change in the material universe. Without change, time is meaningless. With the constancy of various laws, we have the ability to accurately measure prior change "before," predicting future changes of many things that will occur "after," and all increments in between.
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- The reason why time is such a mystery is because it is dependent upon the expansion of space. It is a linear function of the invisible absolute expansion of Universe space into the infinite Void of non-Universe space. There was no Big Bang! The Universe is expanding everywhere from within, and this creative expansion causes all that we see as the existence of the Universe.
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- Actually the time does 'move' backward. Our memories go back in time along with everything else. It only seems to us that the time is moving forward because our memories are only recording the events of past.
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- May 13, 2020 2759
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--------------------- Wednesday, May 13, 2020 -------------------------
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