- 2166 - The big picture.
Time lapse of the birth of the Universe to
forever. The big
picture details the time from the creation of the Universe to the death of the
Universe. Because this time scale is so large,
our existence here on Earth is a mere spec of time. In order to resolve human events in these
Universal events the time has been magnified 10,000,000,000 times.
-
-
-
------------------ 2166 - The Big Picture, History of the Universe from
seconds to years.
-
- This really is the big picture. It starts with the beginning of time and ends
with the end of the Universe. The
beginning is a Planck Second, 10^-43 seconds.
-
- These numbers are so small and so large they
can only be dealt with using exponents.
So, 10^-43 seconds is the decimal followed by
42 zeros then the 1.
-
- The big picture details the time from the
creation of the Universe to the death of the Universe. Because this time scale is so large, our
existence here on Earth is a mere spec of time.
In order to resolve human events in these Universal events the time has
been magnified 10,000,000,000 times.
-
10^-43 seconds. The Big Bang, Universe was born, First instant
of time and space.
10^-42 Temperature is 10^32 degrees and
gravity evolves.
10^-41 This is the shortest quantum of
time called Planck’s time.
10^-40
10^-39 = This
is 0.000000000000000000000000000000000000001 seconds
10^-38
10^-37 Inflation begins.
10^-36 Radiation only, no mass, just
energy. Strong and weak forces freeze
out.
10^-35 Microscopic fluctuations become the
seeds of galaxies
10^-34 Temperature cools to 10^27 degrees
and matter/anti-matter emerge as quarks and electrons.
10^-33
10^-32 Inflation ends
10^-31
10^-30 Matter and anti-matter annihilate
each other
10^-29
10^-28
10^-27
10^-26
10^-25
10^-24
10^-23 Hadron era. Massive particle soup.
10^-22
10^-21
10^-20
10^-19
10^-18
10^-17
10^-16
10^-15
10^-14
10^-13
10^-12 Four forces emerge. 10,000 trillion degrees Kelvin
10^-11
10^-10 The electromagnetic and weak forces
become separate.
10^-9
10^-8
10^-7
10^-6 Quarks
freeze out. 10 trillion degrees Kelvin
10^-5 seconds Temperature
cools to 10^12 degrees, 1 trillion degrees Kelvin, the quarks form protons and
neutrons and anti- quarks form
anti-protons. Protons and anti-protons
collide annihilating each other. But a
small number or protons outnumber the anti-protons causing the emergence of
photons, the first light.
10^-4 Lepton era
10^-3
10^-2 0.01 seconds,
Nucleons appear as free particles.
10^-1 seconds = 0.1
seconds
10^0 = 1
sec>>>Electrons and anti-electrons collide, but a small 10^1 number of
electrons outnumber the anti-electrons.
Universe becomes transparent to neutrinos. 1 billion degrees Kelvin ( positrons) and mostly the electrons
survive .Synthesis of light elements, hydrogen-2 (deuterium), helium,
lithium. An electron would quickly be
knocked free because it is so hot.
Radiation interacts with particles of matter. This radiation is today the Microwave
Background Radiation, redshifted to 2 Ghz.
This radiation was discovered in 1965 by Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson
10^1
10^2 >>>>3 minutes. Nucleosynthesis Era. Helium, Deuterium, Beruillium, Lithium
appear, having 1,2,3,4 electrons, atomic weight
10^3 >>>>>60 minutes. Free neutrons vanish from the cosmos.
10^4
10^5
10^6
10^7
10^8
10^9
10^10
10^11
10^12
10^13 >>>>300,000 years. Radiation Era ends, Cosmic Background
radiation = 3,000 degrees Kelvin. 500,000 years. Cold Universe. Dark Ages begin. No stars yet
10^14
10^15
10^16 - 300
million years. 3.16 * 10^16 seconds
Formation of the Galaxies. Now most of
the energy in the Universe is nuclear fusion.
9.5 * 10^16 seconds. Matter
within galaxies forms distinct stars and solar systems. Heavy elements start to appear.
- 400
million years. Hydrogen in cosmos is
reionized by the stars.
- 600
million years. Objects similar in mass
the Large Magellanic Cloud become common.
- 700
Million years. Formation of oldest stars
in Milky Way.
- 850
million years. Dark Ages have ended.
- 900
million years. Galaxy 53W091 already has
stars 3.5 billion years old.
- 13 billion years ago. Hydrogen is fully reionized by this time.
-
10^17 >>>>> WE ARE HERE 27 BILLION
YEARS EXPANDED BELOW:
-
- 4.73 *
10^ 17 seconds LAST 12 Billion years expanded below.
- 5.5 *
10^17 seconds the sun will heat up enough to expand and swallow the Earth.
10^18 >>>>> 30 billion years, Sun
exhausts its nuclear fuel and becomes a White Dwarf.
10^19
10^20 NOW TAKING 10 BILLION
SECOND STEPS >>>>>
10^30
10^40
10^50
10^60
10^70
10^80
10^90
10^100 seconds =
10^10^2 seconds ( Increasing the time multiplier or we will never get to the
end of the Universe)
10^10^3
10^10^4
10^10^5
10^10^6
10^10^7
10^10^8
10^10^9
10^10^10
10^10^11
10^10^12
10^10^13
10^10^14
10^10^15 Last red-dwarf star dies. Red-dwarfs have half the mass of our Sun and
live a long time.
10^10^17 Most planets become detached from stars.
10^10^18
10^10^19 Cosmic temperature is a few degrees
above absolute zero.
10^10^20 Most stars have left their galaxies
10^10^21 Brown dwarfs are failed stars with too
little mass to fuse hydrogen
10^10^22 Supernovas are stars exploding with a
mass > 8 times the mass of our Sun.
10^10^23
10^10^24
10^10^25 Remaining dark white dwarfs absorb and
deplete Weak Interacting Massive Particles
10^10^26 Annihilation of dark matter is the
energy source that replaces
nuclear burning in the
10^10^27 Universe. It burns at 64 degrees Kelvin, colder than
liquid nitrogen
10^10^28
10^10^29
10^10^30 Weak Interacting Massive Particles burn
out
10^10^31 Brown dwarfs, neutron stars, dead
planets, stray rocks are all that is left.
10^10^32 Protons decay, nothing made of ordinary
matter will last.
10^10^33 Protons have decayed into positrons,
neutrons, pions, gamma ray photons.
10^10^34
10^10^35
10^10^36
10^10^37
10^10^38
10^10^39
10^10^40
10^10^41
10^10^42
10^10^43
10^10^44 Axions decay into photons
10^10^45
10^10^46
10^10^47
10^10^48 Black holes are the only remaining
concentration of mass
10^10^49 Black holes are not totally black
because there is still the Hawking radiation at the rim
10^10^50
10^10^51
10^10^52
10^10^53
10^10^54
10^10^55
10^10^56
10^10^57
10^10^48
10^10^59
10^10^60
10^10^61
10^10^62
10^10^63
10^10^64
10^10^65 Stellar mass black holes evaporate due
to Hawking radiation.
10^10^66
10^10^67
10^10^68
10^10^69
10^10^70
10^10^71
10^10^72
10^10^73
10^10^74
10^10^75
10^10^76
10^10^77
10^10^78
10^10^79
10^10^80
10^10^81
10^10^82
10^10^83
10^10^84
10^10^85
10^10^86
10^10^87
10^10^88
10^10^89
10^10^90
10^10^91
10^10^92
10^10^93
10^10^94
10^10^95
10^10^96
10^10^97
10^10^98
10^10^99 Largest Galaxy -mass black holes
evaporate
10^10^100 Red shifted photons of low frequency
10^10^101 There are a few neutrons, electrons,
positrons left but they are far apart.
10^10^102
10^10^103
10^10^104
10^10^100
10^10^101
10^10^102
10^10^103
10^10^104
10^10^105
10^10^106
10^10^107
10^10^108
10^10^109
10^10^110
10^10^111
10^10^112
10^10^113
10^10^114
10^10^115
10^10^116
10^10^117
10^10^118
10^10^119
10^10^120 seconds Higher order proton decay process. The
Universe is empty, cold, dark and void
-
- WE ARE HERE, BETWEEN 2.7
AND 27 BILLION YEARS
-
- 2.5 billion
Formation of Milky Way disk
population. Oldest dated Star.
10^17 seconds = 3
10^9 years = 3 billion years Matter within galaxies forms distinct stars and
solar systems
- 3 billion years The oldest Pulsar is born.
Most stars in elliptical galaxies and the bulges of spiral galaxies have
formed.
- 4 billion years
- 5
- 6 billion years. Universe begins period of accelerated expansion.
- 7
- 8 billion years. The star Beta Hydae forms. 8.2 billion years,
Alpha Centauri A forms.
- 9
10 billion years (3.15 *10^17 sec) Earth is born , Moon splashed off the
Earth
10.43 Jovian planet
formation ceases. Terrestrial planets still forming.
10.45 Core of Earth formed
10.50 Age of Martian
meterorite ALH84001. Oldest moon
rocks. Lunar highlands are formed.
10.60 Oldest rock. Zircon crystal. First crust.
Sun spin is 45 days.
10.65 Mars has dense
primordial atmosphere during formation.
10.70 Earth has liquid
water.
11 Blue-green
algae pumping oxygen into the world of the next billion years, first traces of
life, hemoglobin appears, Sun is 25% dimmer, oldest rocks in Greenland. 11.3 Heavy bombardment era ends. Mars atmosphere stops evolving.
11.5 Cyanobacteria
appear and respire oxygen. Earth day is
15 hours long.
11.8 Moon orbit is 20
days. Earth year is 550 days.
12 Proterozoic
era. Jellyfish and worms, all life
shares a common RNA, ribonmucleic acid.
12.4 Atmosphere is
methane, ammonia, stromatolites are common.
12.5 Abundant living
organisms, bacteria and Archaeans.
12.7 First ice age,
coninentsnear equator glaciated. Earth
is a snowball.
13 Single cell
anaerobic prokaryotes, the oceans began to breath with floating organisms, red
beds. Oxygen present, nitrogen is 96% of
atmosphere.
13.15 Sudbury crater in
Canada, 250 km across, formed by asteroid.
13.4 Animals, plants,
and fungi diverge from common ancestor.
14 Simple DNA
evolves, first animals appeared. Oldest
fossil raindrops.
4.3* 10^17 sec = 15 billion years
- WE ARE
HERE , EXPANDED BELOW LAST 1 BILLION YEARS
-
- WE ARE HERE, BETWEEN 14
AND 15 BILLION YEARS
-
- 4.42*10^17 sec = 14,000,000,000 years
14,100,000,000 Day is 18 hours. Year is 481 days.
14,200,000,000
14,250,000,000 Ice covers Earth to the tropics.
14,300,000,000 Multicellular plants, land
plants,fungi and animals appear.
14,340,000,000 Hyades galaxy cluster in Taurus
forms, 150 light years away.
14,350,000,000 Precambrian great extinction occurs.
14,400,000,000 Cambrian period appearance of animals
with shells and skeletons, trilobites with the oldest eyes known, sponges, slim of bacterial mats. Mars climate system collapses.
14,450,000,000 Breakup of older super continent
prior to Pangaea. At least four major extinctions occurred during the Cambrian.
14,470,000,000 Earliest fish fossil found in Yunnan,
China. Myllokunmingra.
14,500,000,000 Snails, clams, scorpions, algae,
fungi mosses, corals, starfish, conodonts, great ice age centered in
Africa. Oldest footprints ever found of
centipede.
14,580,000,000 Surface UV intensity tolerable for
living systems.
14,600,000,000 Land based plants evolve,
carboniferous insects, reptiles, seed ferns introduced sex to the world, spiders,
amphibians, jawed fish, sharks, ferns. Oldest
insect known, winged Rhyniella precursor.
14,610,000,000 Supercontinent Gondwana, rest is
ocean.
14,670,000,000 The star Sirius is born.
14,680,000,000 Mammal show up
14,690,000,000 Birds and mammals diverge
14,700,000,000 Crocodiles, frogs, turtles, dinosaurs,
mammal like reptiles, fin-backed reptiles cycads, snakes had four legs and lost
them, Pangaea was the super continent in the Jurassic.
14,745,000,000 Pangaea surrounded by single ocean,
desert conditions.
14,765,000,000 Fullerenes suggest asteroid caused
mass extinction, 96% of all species died out.
Flowers evolve.
14,770,000,000 Mammals evolve, small, nocturnal,
relatively rare.
14,792,000,000 True animals appear, Late Triassic.
14,800,000,000 Dinosaurs and mammals, Stegosaurus,
Pterosaurs, birds changed two limbs to plants with flowers, Tyrannosaurus,
triceratops
14,805,000,000 Breakup of Pangaea beginning
14,810,000,000 dinosaurs rule
14,830,000,000 sharks were present
14,840,000,000 Gondwanaland was a single continent,
brontosaurus, salamanders, marsupials
14,900,000,000 Dinosaurs die and mammals develop. Pleiades star cluster begins to form.
- 4.3*
10^17sec = 15,000,000,000 years
-
- WE ARE
HERE EXPANDED BELOW last 100 million
year
-
14,900,000,000 million years
14,908,000,000 Oldest ant discovered in amber.
14,910,000,000
14,920,000,000 Mammals develop
14,930,020,000 The Chicxulub Crater in Mexico. 170 km diameter from asteroid 12 km in diameter. Dinosaurs become extinct, leading to rise of mammals, primates, horses had five
toes and lost four, rodents, sycamores.
14,935,000,000 Cretaceous extinction. 85% all
species disappear.
14,940,000,000 Whales, penguins, roses, bats,
camels, elephants, dogs, cats, weasels. Primates begin to evolve in forest
environments.
14,943,000,000 Trees grow in Artic and Antarctic.
14,945,000,000 Methane gas frozen beneath sea floor
releases and heats Earth. Hoofed animals
appear.
14,950,000,000 Human genome begins.
14,960,000,000 Deer, pigs, saver cats, monkeys.
14,965,000,000 Popigai Crater in Russia, 100km
diameter from asteroid impact.
Chesapeake Bay Crater formed.
14,970,000,000 Advanced primates, monkeys and apes
appear, seals, dolphins, grass daisies, asters, sunflowers, lettuce, giraffes bears, hyenas
14,985,000,000 First humanoids appear
14,990,000,000 Homo Habilis walking on two legs,
using tools. Opposable thumb appears.
14,994,000,000 Mammoths, sloths, armadillos.
14,994,200,000 Mediterranean basin becomes an arid
desert through continental drift.
14,995,000,000 Atlantic Ocean bursts through
Gibraltar Straits. Earth warms. Trees
grow in Greenland.
14,996,500,000 Walking on two feet in Africa. First stone tools found in Ethiopia.
14,998,000,000 Homo erectus domesticates fire, uses
language and weapons. Mammoths enter N.
America across Bering Strait.
14,999,000,000 Homo sapiens emerge distinguished by
the ability to create technology.
14,999,900,000 Homo sapiens neaderthalensis emerge,
bison, beavers, hoofed animals.
14,999,910,000 Homo sapiens sapiens emerge. Migrate to Flores, so are seafaring.
14,999,250,000 Earth’s magnetic field switches to
current polarity.
14,999,500,000 Fire used in China, Hungary, France.
14,999,760,000 Glacier covers United States for 1000
years.
14,999,923,000 Oldest cave art in South Africa.
14,999,940,000 Homo sapiens found in Australia.
14,999,947,000 Northern Europeans descended from 50
individuals who survived the ice age.
14,999,951,000 Barringer Crater formed from asteroid
impact in Arizona.
14,999,960,000 Homo sapiens sapiens subspecies, only
surviving humanoid on Earth. Humans were
in South America. Language emerges. Cro-Magnon man has stone working
methods. First Venus figures.
14,999,961,000 (35,000 B.C.) Lascaux Caves with moon
and star symbols. Engraved bone flute in
France.
14,999,968,000 Neanderthals vanish abruptly.
14,999,983,000 Humans cross the Bering Straits. Northern continents under ice 3 kilometers
thick. Sea level down 130 meters. San Francisco Bay is a valley.
14,999,988,000 (10,000 BC) Ice melts.
Modern era of technology begins with agricultural revolution. Neanderthals use tool kits.
14,999,990,000 (8,000 BC) Jericho has 2,000
inhabitants. The first cities emerge in
Mesopotamia. Total human population estimated
at a few million. First plants and
animals domesticated.
14,999,992,500 Wheels, rafts, boats and written
language are in use
14,999,991,000 (7,000 BC) First known lunar phase diagram The abacus is developed in the Orient, performs
arithmetic computation, man's first computer.
14,999,992,500 Agriculture, animal husbandry,
Indo-European language emerge.
14,999,993,347 2650 BC Astronomical observations begin in China.
14,999,993,764 Earliest Egyptians devise a 365 day
calendar.
14,999,994,500 (3,500 BC) First writing,
Sumerian. Proto- Europeans build
Stonehedge. Invention of the wheel.
14,999,995,497 First written story of the Flood by
the Sumerians.
14,999,995,000 (3,000 BC) Babylonians identify the
constellations in the night sky. Egyptians
are using hieroglyphic writing. Bronze
age begins.
14,999,995,231 Earth’s oldest living inhabitant,
Bristlecone pine in Inyo Mountains.
14,999,996,000 Babylonians recorded the motions of
the planets, identified the ecliptic.
14,999,996,392 The fall of Jericho.
14,999,996,622 Earliest eclipse recorded in Babylon
14,999,997,800 (200 BC) Egyptian water clock, Greeks knew Earth and
Moon were spheres. Eratosthenes measured
the circumference of Earth. Babylonians predicted lunar and solar
eclipses. Chinese record astronomical
observations.
14,999,997,998 1 AD.
Population is 150 million people.
14,999,998,030 33 AD
Crucifixion of Christ.
14,999,998,700 725 ad Chinese build mechanical clock that is
water driven. Asians and Persians develop astronomy, star charts, Earth size,
calendar.
14,999,998,897 Collapse of Mayan civilization due to
drought. Viking civilization begins to
expand.
14,999,999,003 Supernova seen in China, Japan,
Europe.
14,999,999,051 1054 AD Crab Supernova seen in China and Japan.
14,999,999,100
14,999,999,400 1400's Leonardo da Vinci draws a clock with a pendulum
14,999,999,500 1500's Nicolas Copernicus states Earth. The Spinning wheel used in Europe Gregorian
calendar introduced
14,999,999,600 1600's Blaise Pascal invents automatic calculating machine to add and
subtract. Isaac Newton laws of motion
and universal gravitation. Lippershey, Dutch spectacle maker invents
telescope. Galileo discovers moons of
Jupiter. Keplers laws of planetary
motion. Newtonian reflecting telescope.
Romer measured the velocity of light.
Jupiter’s red spot seen by Robert Hook.
14,999,999,700 1700's 1769 hydraulic spinning machine found first factory, Life
expectancy is 32 years. Halley
discovered proper motion of stars.
Herschel discovered Uranus.
Population at 600 million people.
14,999,999,800 1800's Wollaston observed absorption lines in solar
spectrum
14,999,999,807 1810's Eruption of Tambora.
14,999,999,817 1820's Babbage's machine to compute math tables,
steam engine locomotive, typewriter,
14,999,999,927 1830"s First fuel cell, Morse code, Bessel determined distance to 61 Cygni
star. Stellar photography.
14,999,999,937 1840's Babbage's Analytical Engine, the lock-stitch sewing machine, telegraphs
use punched paper tape. The
Dobbler effect discovered. Discovered Neptune.
14,999,999,947 1850"s Paris to London connected by telegraph, Charles Darwin principle of natural
selection.
14,999,999,857 1860's Telegraph San Francisco to New York, generator for alternating current,
Huggins began spectral analysis of stars
14,999,999,867 1870 Per
Capita GNP is $530 (1958 constant $) 2% in US have high-school diplomas
14,999,999,868 1871 .Charles
Babbage dies with drawings at his feet for his Analytical Engine
14,999,999,869 1872
14,999,999,870 1873
14,999,999,871 1874
14,999,999,872 1875 .
14,999,999,873 1876 Alexander
Graham Bell patents the telephone
14,999,999,874 1877 Lord
Kelvin demonstrates machines can solve math problems. Hall discovers Mars satellites Phobos and
Deimos
14,999,999,875 1878
14,999,999,876 1879 .Incandescent
light bulb
14,999,999,877 1880
14,999,999,878 1881 .
14,999,999,879 1882 Thomas
Edison electric lighting
14,999,999,880 1883
14,999,999,881 1884 The
fountain pen
14,999,999,882 1885 New
York and Boston connected by telephone.
14,999,999,883 1886
14,999,999,884 1887
14,999,999,885 1888 Hertz
transmits radio waves
14,999,999,886 1889 .
14,999,999,887 1890 Electro
mechanical information machine uses punched cards
14,999,999,888 1891 .
14,999,999,889 1892
14,999,999,890 1893
14,999,999,981 1894
14,999,999,892 1895
14,999,999,893 1896 Tabulating
Machine Company founded, will become IBM
14,999,999,894 1897 Thomson
discovers the electron
14,999,999,895 1898 Alexander
Popov transmit radio wave, Guglielmo Marconi receives radio patent
14,999,999,896 1899 Sound
recorded magnetically on a wire.
14,999,999,897 1900 Telegraph,
1.4 million telephones, 8000 cars, 24 million light bulbs in US
14,999,999,898 1901 Electric
typewriter
14,999,999,899 1902 Electric
hearing aid
14,999,999,900 1903
14,999,999,901 1904
14,999,999,902 1905 Marconi's
directional radio antenna. Einstein special theory of relativity.
14,999,999,903 1906
14,999,999,904 1907 Grandpa
Detrick was born
14,999,999,905 1908 Orville
Wright one hour flight
14,999,999,906 1909
14,999,999,907 1910
14,999,999,908 1911 Grandma
Detrick was born
14,999,999,909 1912
14,999,999,910 1913 Principia
Mathematica publishes new methodology
14,999,999,911 1914 Hertzsprung
and Russell H-R diagram, luminosity vs temperature of stars
14,999,999,912 1915 Alexander
Graham Bell=s transcontinental telephone.
Adams discovers White Dwarfs.
14,999,999,913 1916 Einstein’s
general theory of relativity.
14,999,999,914 1917
14,999,999,915 1918
14,999,999,916 1919
14,999,999,917 1920 Slipher
discovers redshifts in galaxies.
14,999,999,918 1921 .
14,999,999,919 1922
14,999,999,920 1923 Hubble
proved galaxies were outside the Milky Way.
14,999,999,921 1924 Thomas
Watson starts IBM
14,999,999,922 1925 Niels
Bohr quantum mechanics
14,999,999,923 1926 .Goddard
fired liquid fuel rocket.
14,999,999,924 1927 Heisenberg
uncertainty principle: electrons have no
precise location but rather probability clouds of possible locations.
14,999,999,925 1928 First
14,999,999,926 1929 Hubble
discovered linear relationship between galaxy distance and radial velocity.
14,999,999,927 1930 60%
of US homes have radios, 18 million Tombaugh discovers Pluto
14,999,999,928 1931 The
electron microscope. Jansky discovers cosmic radio waves
14,999,999,929 1932
14,999,999,930 1933
14,999,999,931 1934
14,999,999,932 1935 First
heart lung machine
14,999,999,933 1936
14,999,999,934 1937 First
radio telescope
14,999,999,935 1938 First
ball point pen
14,999,999,936 1939 Commercial
airlines across the Atlantic.
14,999,999,937 1940 First
electronic, non programmable is built.
14,999,999,938 1941 Jim
was born, with world’s first programmable digital computer the Z-3
14,999,999,939 1942
14,999,999,940 1943 Britain's
Colossus computer breaks German war
code.
14,999,999,941 1944 Vacuum
tube and punched paper tape computer. Interstellar hydrogen emits radio waves at 21.1 centimeters
wavelength.
14,999,999,942 1945 John
von Neumann describes stored program concept.
14,999,999,943 1946 ENIAC
army's programmable computer. TVs in the home.
14,999,999,944 1947 Shockley's
transistor
14,999,999,945 1948 Cybernetics
published
14,999,999,946 1949 George
Orwell book "1984" computers enslave the world..
14,999,999,947 1950 UNIVAC
used in US census, color television
14,999,999,948 1951 EDVAC
first computer with a stored program
14,999,999,949 1952 UNIVAC
computer predicts Dwight Eisenhower will be elected, first transistor radios, IBM's first scientific computer.
14,999,999,950 1953 Discovered
chemical structure of DNA
14,999,999,951 1954
14,999,999,952 1955 William
Shockley's semiconductor lab, Remington Sperry Rand corporation competes with IBM, IBM introduces 2,200
transistor calculator. Space program defines computer needed to launch rocket
to the moon.
14,999,999,953 1956 IBM
invents FORTRAN language, first computer defeats chess champion, first battery
watch, Artificial Intelligence first conference.
14,999,999,954 1957 Kenneth
Olsen found DEC. Russians launch sputnik
14,999,999,955 1958 Jack
Kilby, Texas Instruments, integrated circuit, LISP AI language, Semour Cray's first
transistorized supercomputer. Americans
launch first satellite.
14,999,999,956 1959 Jack
Kilby and Robvert Noyce develop computer chip, COBOL computer language, Xerox
first commercial copier. Lunik II lands
on Moon.
14,999,999,957 1960 First
ruby laser, 6000 computers in the US
14,999,999,958 1961 First
time sharing computer, John F Kennedy Apollo program to go to the Moon. Gagarin first man in space.
14,999,999,959 1962 First
industrial robots, Jim graduates with Engineering degree John Glenn first American in orbit. Quasar is discovered.
14,999,999,960 1963 DEC
PDP-8 first successful minicomputer.
14,999,999,961 1964
IBM 360 series computers, BASIC software language, Gordon Moore's law IC's will
double in complexity each year
14,999,999,962 1965 .Robotics
Institute at Carnegie Mellon University is founded, prediction that by 1985
machines will be capable of doing any work a man can do. Penzias and Wilson discover
remnants of the Big Bang, Microwave
Background Radiation.
14,999,999,963 1966 Amateur
Computer Society is formed. Luna 9 and
Surveyor I land on the Moon
14,999,999,964 1867 First
internal pacemaker, uses integrated circuit, IC. Pulsars discovered.
14,999,999,965 1968 Gordon
Moore and Robert Noyce found Intel. Borman,
Lovell and Anders fly around Moon
14,999,999,966 1969 Armstrong
and Aldrin land on Moon
14,999,999,967 1970 Per
capita GNP is $3,500 in 1958 dollars. Floppy
disk introduced for storing data. Xerox Palo Alto Research Center
introduces the first personal computer.
14,999,999,968 1971 Intel
4004, first microprocessor. First pocket
calculator. Russian probe lands on Mars.
14,999,999,969 1972 Dreyfus
publishes What Computers Can't Do, arguing that symbol manipulation cannot be the
basis of human intelligence Gamma rays
first observed..
14,999,999,970 1973 genetic
engineering, DNA's strands are cut, joined, and then reproduced by inserting them into bacterium.
Pioneer 10 transmits images from Jupiter.
14,999,999,971 1974 Creative
Computing magazine for home computer hobbyists.
Intel 8 bit 8080.
14,999,999,972 1975 Altair
8800 first PC introduced with 256bytes of memory, 5000 PC's sold in US. BYTE
magazine is published
14,999,999,973 1976 Apple
computer founded. Print to speech
reading machine, optical character recognition, scans and reads aloud printed
material
14,999,999,974 1977 The
film Star Wars, fiber optics in the telephone system, Apple II with color graphics
( I had one, serial number 200)
14,999,999,975 1978 speak
and spell computerized learning for kids, TI's
electronically duplicate of the human vocal tract on a chip Charon,
Pluto’s moon discovered
14,999,999,976 1979 expert
system in medicine diagnoses cases of meningitis, Visicalc, the first electronic
spreadsheet.
14,999,999,977 1980 AI
annual revenue is 2 million dollars
14,999,999,978 1981 Xerox
introduces the Star computer, Apple The
laser printer.
14,999,999,979 1982 Compact
disk players, Lotus 123 spreadsheet
14,999,999,980 1983 Fax
machines a necessity, musical instrument digital interface
14,999,999,981 1984 Apple
computer bit mapped graphics, icons, and mouse
14,999,999,982 1985 116
million jobs in US vs 12 million in 1870, per capita GNP increased 600%
14,999,999,983 1986 Electronic
keyboards are 55% of US musical keyboard market, life expectancy is 74 years in
US, 3% of work force involved in food production, 76% have high school diplomas,7.3 million students in
college. Challenger space shuttle disaster.
14,999,999,984 1987 NYSE
stock, greatest loss in single day due to computerized trading, speech systems
with large vocabulary.
14,999,999,985 1988 Computer
memory costs 100 millionth of cost in 1950, 4,800,000 computers sold in US,
Connection machine capable of 65,536 computations at the same time, notebook computers
replacing laptops. Quasar discovered 17
billion light-years away.
14,999,999,986 1889 Intel
16 Megahertz 2.5 MIPS microprocessor.
Magellan radar map of Venus.
Voyager 2 at Neptune
14,999,999,987 1990 http,
hypertext markup language developed for www, CD-ROM magazine published, Hubble space telescope. Keck telescope.
14,999,999,988 1991 cell
phones and e-mail are popular
14,999,999,989 1992 First
PDA, handheld computer by Apple COBE satellite proves existence of temperature fluctuations
in microwave background
14,999,999,990 1993 Pentium
32 bit microprocessor with 3.1 million transistors. Endeavour
mission corrects Hubble space telescope. Gamma Ray Bursts discovered.
14,999,999,991 1994 world
wide web, America on line has 1 million subscribers. Comet Shoemaker-Levy crashes into Jupiter.
14,999,999,992 1995 America
on line has 1 million subscribers. Galileo reaches planet Jupiter.
14,999,999,993 1996 Scanners
and CD ROMS widely used, Compac , NEC ship handheld computers with Windows CE NEC
ships PDA with touch screen interface
14,999,999,994 1997 DEC
introduces 300 MHz CPU at 1 billion instructions / sec Continuous speech dictation
software, video phones, face recognition
14,999,999,995 1998 phone
verbal dialogue with humans, evolutionary algorithms and neural nets to make investment decisions, www is
ubiquitous, animated faces that speak with realistic mouth movements, virtual
retina display projects image on your retina, bluetooth and wireless high
bandwidth connection to web
14,999,999,996 1999 .Age
of Spiritual Machines, When Computers Exceed Human Intelligence
14,999,999,997 2000 Computer
defeats Gary Kasparov, world chess championship
14,999,999,998 2001
14,999,999,999 2002
15,000,000,000 2003 WE
ARE HERE, 15 BILLION YEARS AFTER THE BIG BANG.
15,000,000,001 2004
15,000,000,002 2005
15,000,000,003 2006
15,000,000,004 2007
15,000,000,005 2008
15,000,000,006 2009 A
$1000 PC can perform a trillion calculations
a second.
15,000,000,007 2010 Visual
displays imbedded in clothing and jewelry. Wireless to the web. Business transactions with virtual
personality that looks like a human face.
15,000,000,008 2011 reading
machines for the blind, listening machines for the deaf
15,000,000,009 2012 computer
controlled paraplegic limbs
15,000,000,010 2013 translating
telephones for many languages
15,000,000,011 2014 human
musicians jam with cybernetic musicians
15,000,000,012 2015 bioengineered
treatment for cancer and heart disease
15,000,000,013 2016
15,000,000,014 2017
15,000,000,015 2018
15,000,000,016 2019 A
$1000 ( 1999$) computer is equal to the computational ability of the human brain.
15,000,000,017 2020 computers
are embedded everywhere, largely invisible
15,000,000,018 2021 3D
virtual reality displays
15,000,000,019 2022 nano-engineering
in manufacturing
15,000,000,020 2023 most
learning conducted through intelligent, simulated software-based teachers.
15,000,000,021 2024 Blind
have eyeglass reading, navigation systems.
Deaf read lips through lens displays. Paraplegic walk and climb with computer
controlled nerve stimulation
15,000,000,022 2025 Business
transactions use simulated person
15,000,000,023 2026 People
begin to have relationships with robots.
Automated driving everywhere
15,000,000,024 2027
15,000,000,025 2028
15,000,000,026 2029 A
$1000 computer has the computing capacity of 1000 human brains. Eye implants allow interfacing with www computing.
Neural implants enhance sight, hearing, memory, reasoning. Most communications does not involve a human
15,000,000,027 2030 computers
are given legal rights
15,000,000,037 2040 machines
claim to be conscious
15,000,000,047 2050 nanoproduced
food with correct nutritional value
15,000,000,057 2060
15,000,000,067 2070 picoengineering
becomes practical
15,000,000,077 2080 there
is no longer a clear distinction between humans and computers.
15,000,000,087 2090 software
based humans exceeds neuron cell based computation. Information can be instantly understood
15,000,000,097 3000 femtoengineering.
Life expectancy is no longer a viable term in relation to intelligent
beings. While we consider the fate of
the Universe.
-
?????
-
- Planck time is the shortest interval of
time. It is the time it takes a photon
of light to travel across a Planck Length.
Planck time = 1.70863 * 10^-43 seconds.
T^2 = G h / 2*pi*c^5.
-
- Planck Length is 1.61599 * 10^-35 meters. L^2
= G*h / 2*pi*c^3
G is the
gravitational constant. H is the Planck
Constant = 6.626076 * 10^-34 joule * second.
-
- November 13, 2018. -
354 The Big Picture - Jim’s Universal Calendar
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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“Jim Detrick” -----------
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--------------------- Tuesday, November 13, 2018 -------------------------
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