Wednesday, November 19, 2014

Thinking About Time


- 1691 -  Thinking about Time.  Everything you see is younger when you see it.  It takes time for the light to reach you and it is the speed of light that is constant.  Time is variable it depends on where you are and how fast you are moving.  It even gets more complicated.
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---------------------------  1691  -  Think about it, what time is ?
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-  7:32 A.M.
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-  No, not what time is it, What time is?
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-  Does time fly…………… or is it even moving?  Or, are we simply moving through it?  What is the it?
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-  Is time a structure in the Universe that has one dimension , flows in one direction , and unfolds sequentially to separate events?  Is time what keeps everything from happening all at once?
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-  Or, is time not actually an entity.  It is not like the entity space where we actually travel through it.
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-  By 1915 Einstein had showed the world that time is not the “constant” that everyone thought it was.  Time flows at different rates in different places in order to keep the speed of light constant.  Clocks just do not click the same everywhere.
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-  The speed of light, the gravitational constant , the mass of an electron are fundamentally “constants”.  Time is not constant.  Time changes with gravity and with rapid motion.
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-  We do not notice time is slowing down at our speeds because we are not traveling fast enough.  Once your speed is 87% the speed of light time is slow to half its normal rate.  87% is still 583,450,000 miles per hour.  Orbital speeds are in the 17,000 to 25,000 miles per hour range.  Can they even notice time slowing down?
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-  The Global Positioning System, GPS, uses satellites orbiting Earth to beam down signals that calculate distances to triangulate and determine any position on the planet.  The satellites are traveling at high enough speeds that the calculations have to add time to account for the slower clocks in the satellites.  Higher speeds slower time.
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-  Then, because the satellites are in a weaker gravitational field in orbit we need to subtract some time because weaker gravity accelerates the clocks.  Lower gravity faster time.
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-  Then, there is the gravity differences for the different altitudes on the surface of the Earth.  Every location is a different distance from the center of the Earth.  A closer location to the center experiences slower clocks.
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-  Then, Earth is rotating at 1,040 miles per hour.  Different latitudes experience different rotational speeds.  Faster speeds slow down the clocks.
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-  Then,  the satellites have slightly elliptical orbits putting them at different distances from the center at different times in their orbits.
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-  All of these factors affect the flow of time.  Software in the calculation of distances must take each factor into account.  GPS triangulations to locate accurate positions on the surface of Earth must add and subtract the precise measurement data on location and speed.  If the factors are not included the positioning accuracy is within several miles.  With the calculations including the relativity factors the accuracy is within a few feet.
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-  Here are some other Reviews about time, available upon request:
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-  #1621  Time to Think.  -  Your brain has to do the same calculations to adjust positions with time, especially astronomer’s brains.  Everything seen through the telescope is younger as you see that it is at the time you see it.  It takes time for light to reach us,  especially at astronomical distances.  Light from the Sun is 8 minutes old, and that is the closest star.
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-  The next closest star is 4 ½ years younger as we see it.  It takes 4 ½ years for the light to reach us.
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-  #1341  Optical Lattice Clock.
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-  #1189  The Beginning of Time  -  If you could run the clocks backward 13,700,000,000 years you would reach the beginning of time.  Thought to be the creation of time and space.
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-  The end of time would be the end of endings.
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-  The boundaries of time seem to be the boundaries of our reasoning as well
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-  #1006  Is Time slowing Down?
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-  #910 Time to Think, again
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-  No two times are the same if they are separated in space.  Would time even still exist if there were no space?
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-  Does time have something to do with “ entropy”.  Entropy is the physic’s name for disorder, randomness.  Physic’s law states the entropy in the Universe is always increasing.  The Universe constantly marches toward an equilibrium state where everything is randomly the same.    We are always approaching that state of randomness.  It takes energy to reverse it and we are always dissipating energy.  The death of the Cosmos is the cold, random, equilibrium of our future.
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-  Randomness is the lowest energy state.  Nature is always seeking it.  we could say that time is a measure of “ change”.  And, if nothing changes , time is done.
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-  #854  Time, GPS, and Entropy
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-  #842  Pressed for Time
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-  #830  A 24 hour Day  -  Time -  How do you go from GPS time to Universal Time, just add 19 seconds.  Why?
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-  #814  Fast Speed and Short Time  -  The smallest fraction of time is 10^-43 seconds. That is how long it takes light to travel the smallest possible distance, 10^-35 meters.  If a distance got any smaller it would become a mini-blackhole (  See #724 and #734)
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-  #783  Time is what God created  - to prevent everything form happening all at once.
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-  #747  Why 60 minutes.
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-  #356  -  Time is Getting Short  -  Zeptosecond pulses ( 10^-21) are used to study nuclear events in side an atom.  We are not there yet with our technology.  Attoseconds ( 10^-18) is used to study electrons orbiting the nucleus in atoms.  Femtoseconds (10^-15) measures chemical reactions and the interactions of molecules.
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- #354  Jim’s Universal Calendar.  History from 10^-43 seconds to today summarized in 19 pages.
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-  #37  Deriving Time Dilation from the Pythagorean Theorem.  Sorry, that is all the time I have.  Bye for now, but, stay tuned there is more to learn.
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