- 3584 - QUASARS - earliest one found? A quasar is a black hole orbiting so fast it sends a rotating signal out its poles as matter escapes the poles of this enormous magnet. The most distant quasar known has been discovered that existed just 670 million years after the Big Bang.
--------------------- 3584 - QUASARS - earliest one found?
- This Quasar is 1,000 times more luminous than the Milky Way, and is powered by the earliest known supermassive black hole. This black hole weighs in at more than 1,600,000,000 times the mass of the Sun.
-
- What we see is more than 13 billion years old. It is a fully formed distant quasar and is the earliest yet discovered. It is providing astronomers with insight into the formation of massive galaxies in the early universe.
-
- Quasars are powered by the feeding frenzies of colossal supermassive Blackholes. They are the most energetic objects in the universe. They occur when gas in the superheated accretion disk around a supermassive black hole is drawn inwards, radiating light across the electromagnetic spectrum.
-
- The amount of energy emitted by quasars is enormous, with the most massive examples easily outshining entire galaxies.
-
- This most distant quasar known to date has a redshift of z = 7.64. The presence of such a massive black hole so early in the universe's history challenges theories of black hole formation. Black holes created by the very first massive stars could not have grown this large in only a few hundred million years.
-
- The observations that led to this discovery were made using a variety of observatories around the world, including several world-class telescopes in Hawaii. Data from “Pan-STARRS1” and the “UKIRT Hemisphere Survey” helped to first identify “J0313-1806“. Astronomers obtained high-quality spectra from Keck Observatory and Gemini North to measure the mass of the central supermassive black hole.
-
- Measurement of spectral lines that originate from gas surrounding the quasar's accretion disk allows us to determine the black hole's mass and study how its rapid growth influences its environment.
-
- For such distant quasars, the most important spectral lines are redshifted to near-infrared wavelengths and Keck's NIRES spectrograph is an excellent instrument for these observations.
-
- Observing infrared light requires low temperatures. The near-freezing climate prevailing at the sky-scraping summit of Maunakea at 13,796 feet, make it one of the only sites on Earth with instruments sensitive enough to observe such red wavelengths.
-
- In addition to weighing the monster black hole, the Keck Observatory and Gemini North observations uncovered an extremely fast outflow emanating from the quasar in the form of a high-velocity wind traveling at 20% of the speed of light.
-
- The energy released by such an extreme high-velocity outflow is large enough to impact the star formation in the entire quasar host galaxy. The galaxy hosting J0313-1806's is undergoing a spurt of star formation, producing new stars 200 times faster than the Milky Way.
-
- The combination of this intense star formation, the luminous quasar, and the high-velocity outflow make this quasar and its host galaxy a promising natural laboratory for understanding the growth of supermassive black holes and their host galaxies in the early universe.
-
May 21, 2022 QUASARS - earliest one found 3584
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----- Comments appreciated and Pass it on to whomever is interested. ---
--- Some reviews are at: -------------- http://jdetrick.blogspot.com -----
-- email feedback, corrections, request for copies or Index of all reviews
--- to: ------ jamesdetrick@comcast.net ------ “Jim Detrick” -----------
--------------------- --- Saturday, May 21, 2022 ---------------------------
No comments:
Post a Comment