Europa the liquid moon of Jupiter?

-  1788  -  Europa - moon of Jupiter is 80% larger than our Moon.  It harbors an enormous under ice ocean and has a good chance of support primitive life forms.
-
-

-
-----------------  1788  -  Europa - moon of Jupiter.
-
-  Jupiter’s moon Europa harbors an ocean of liquid water beneath its fragile shell of ice.  Active geology has covered up all the older craters on the surface.  Today its icy surface is striated by cracks and faults, jumbled icebergs suspended in regions where liquid water exited or slushy water has frozen.
-
-  Tidal flexing from Jupiter’s enormous gravity allows water to well up and build up ridges.
-
-  Europa has a metallic core and a rocky mantle.  Above the rocky mantle is a layer of water ice 60 miles thick.  If this were liquid it would be twice as much as all the Earth’s oceans combined.
-
-  Europa is one of the few moons in the Solar System that has a magnetic field.  It appears to interact with the rotation of Jupiter’s strong magnetic field.  A magnetic field requires the flow of a liquid layer of electrically conducting material.
-
-  A salty ocean would be just the ticket to do this.  Lava eruptions from vents in Europa’s seafloor could jumble the icy crust above.  Primitive life thrives near seafloor vents at the bottom of Earth’s oceans.  Simple organisms feed off toxic gases from these volcanic vents.
-
-  Also, phyllosilicate clay minerals on Europa’s surface are close associates to Earth’s minerals harboring organic molecules.
-
-  Calculations put Europa’s ice shell at 12 miles thick then the liquid water ocean below that is 60 miles thick.
-
-  Europa takes 3.55 days to orbit around Jupiter.  Tidal forces raise and lower the ice shell as much as 100 feet.  Europa’s orbit is elliptically shaped by the other tug of Jupiter’s largest moon, Ganymede.  This ellipse causes the tidal bulge to lag behind the orbital velocity.  The combination causes the ice shell to float freely on the subsurface ocean.  A long float to circle the moon taking 12,000 years to complete.
-
-  In addition to this rotation thicker ice at the poles is wandering down to the equator.  All in all Europa is offering a dynamic environment for further exploration.  Stay tuned there is much more to learn.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-  Other reviews available:
-
-  # 1725  -  Explains how friction creates the  heat energy for Europa’s oceans.
-
-  # The above review lists 4 other reviews #1702, #1361, #1152, #812 for even more for you to learn.
-
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------------  RSVP, Pass it on to whomever is interested. ----------------
---   Some reviews are at:  --------------     http://jdetrick.blogspot.com -----
--  email comments, corrections, request for copies or Index of all reviews
-  to:   -------    jamesdetrick@comcast.net  ------  “Jim Detrick”  -----------
-  https://plus.google.com/u/0/  -- www.facebook.com  -- www.twitter.com
 -----   707-536-3272    ----------------------   Saturday, December 19, 2015  -----
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------