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- Read Review #1790 first to better understand #1791.
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- If gravity and acceleration are the same then equations that describe them both can be set equal to each other. Einstein did this and came up with equations that describe how a gravitational field acts on matter. Then an equation describing how matter generates a curvature of space-time.
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-------------------- R u v - ½ g u v R = - 8 pi G T u v
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- One side of the equation describes how the geometry of space-time is warped and curved by the presence of mass. The other side of the equation describes the movement of mass in a gravitational field.
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- Riding up and down an elevator, or, riding in a spaceship accelerating in space versus standing still on the Earth both demonstrate the equivalence of gravity and acceleration. The laws of physics must be the same in both situations. So, set their equations equal to each other.
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- There are many consequences that result from applying these laws of Relativity:
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- The laws of physics remain the same everywhere in the Universe. Everyone always sees the speed of light to be constant, the same, regardless of motion. To make this happen lengths and time must change accordingly because velocity is the ratio of the two. Lengths shrink and time passes more slowly for objects in motion.
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- To make this happen gravity changed form a “ force” in Newton’s time, an attractive force between two masses, to a warp in space-time geometry created by the presence of mass. Even the photons of light obeyed this geometry.
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- When Mercury orbit’s the Sun it follows the warped space-time created by the enormous mass of the Sun. This path results in a precession, or wobbling of the orbit each time around. The shift of orbit is exactly 43 arc-seconds per century (100 years). And, this small angle has been measured confirming agreement with Relativity’s equations.
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- Gravitational Waves - Oscillating an electric charge generates an electromagnetic wave (electrons oscillating in a radio antenna). Oscillating mass generates a gravitational wave, which is an oscillating disturbance of space-time. ( two blackholes orbiting each other ).
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- Gravitational Lensing - Light bends in a gravitational field. This can produce a magnified image , or multiple images , of a background light source that is behind a large massive body. This effect allows astronomers to calculate the distribution of mass in the in-between object. This mass calculated both visible and invisible mass, Dark Matter.
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- Gravity and electromagnetism use different math. Einstein figured out how to equate them. Relativity and Quantum Mechanics use different math. However, 100 years of trying and we have not been able to equate the two.
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- The math describing Dark Matter and Dark Energy has not been developed yet. It is just the gravity and the Universes’ expansion tell us they are there. And, their existence represents 95% of all the mass-energy in the Universe.
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- Once the science community realized the Einstein’s equations could not balance a static Universe it had to be expanding or contracting. The two sides of the equation were like balancing a pencil on its point. It had to fall one way or another. Then if the Universe is expanding running time backwards resulted in the concept of the Big Bang, the birth of the Universe. Continued expansion, even accelerating expansion results in the death of the Universe. The Universe has been accelerating for the past 7 billion years.
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- Compress any mass to a sufficiently small size and the curvature of space-time will fold back on itself. A Blackhole will form even light photons cannot escape.
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- At the edge of a Blackhole lies the processes of Quantum Mechanics. When we understand how these two processes come together we will have the math that works for both. Run the Universe backwards and it must have been born out of a Blackhole.
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- At the edge of a Blackhole does a 3-D reality emerge from a 2-D reality?
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- Is there a granularity of space, and time? Due both come in the smallest of packages like energy and matter? Are there particles inside the vacuum of space that are fueling the expansion of the Universe?
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- The equation at the beginning is over my head, but, I can relate to some simpler equations:
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- Start with the speed of light being a constant regardless of where you are or how fast you are moving. Velocity = c
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- Two events separated in space can not occur simultaneously. They must be separated in time as well.
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- Time must slow down if it is motion.
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-------------------- ( Time in motion)^2 = (Time at rest)^2 / (1 - v^2 / c^2)
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---------------------- v = the velocity of motion
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--------------------- c = the speed of light
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- Length must contract if it is in motion:
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--------------------- ( Length in motion)^2 = (Length at rest)^2 * (1 - v^2 / c^2)
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----------------- Momentum = mass * velocity = m*v
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--------------------- p = momentum
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-------------- (Momentum)^2 = ( mv)^2 / (1 - v^2 / c^2)
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--------------(Energy)^2 = ( mc)^2 / (1 - v^2 / c^2)
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--------------- E^2 = p^2 c^2 + m^2 c^4
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-------------- Energy of a massless particle like a photon: m = 0
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---------------- E = p*c
--------------- Energy of a massive particle like an electron:
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---------------- E = mc^2
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-----------------The energy of light:
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---------------- E = h*f
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---------------- h = constant = 6.625*10^-34 kilogram * meter^2 / second
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---------------- f = frequency of oscillation
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- Other Reviews available upon request:
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- #1663 - Getting to General Relativity using simple math.
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- #1662 - Relativity for speed readers
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- #874 - Energy of an object is equal to mc^2 plus its kinetic energy. But, KE is so small compared to mc^2 that is usually ignored.
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- #768 - Testing Einstein’s Theory of Relativity
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- #766 - The most incomprehensible thing about our Universe is that we are here trying to comprehend it.
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- #648 - Light is a physical symmetry of the entire Universe.
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- #550 - Light does not know time. At light speed time does not move. Light is the conversion factor between energy and mass.
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