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--------------------------- - 1866 - Supernovae and evolution on Earth.
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- When the earliest human ancestors roamed the Earth, 2,000,000 years ago, a supernova exploded that out shone the full moon. It was a star that exploded 325 years earlier and its flash of light was just reaching us.
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- Not only the light but interstellar dust rained on to the Earth and the Moon. The radiation was intense enough to alter Earth’s climate. It may have been the seed that gave rise to the human lineage. That was about time it all started, the Adam and Eve era.
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- We are all made of star dust. Our blood pumps iron that was formed in stars billions of years ago. Science is using ocean sediments as “ telescopes” looking back in time to learn about past supernovae explosions near Earth. Digging into the Earth to learn our Cosmic past. Looking down instead of up to see the past.
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- The technique being used is radioactive dating of the isotope iron-60. Current thinking from early results is the Earth has experienced many supernovae explosions in the past. Iron-60 concentrations were found from 1.5 to 3.2 million years ago. And, from 6.5 to 8.7 million years ago. Samples from the two Apollo Moon missions came to the same conclusion.
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- The calculated star masses were 8.8 Solar Mass. And , 9.2 Solar Mass for a supernova exploding 2.3 million years ago.
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- Could these supernovae have been responsible for the rapid climate changes that created the eras of change on Mother Earth? Supernovae remnants could interfere with Earth’s atmosphere. There could be a loss of Ozone. There could be X-ray, Gamma Ray, Ultraviolet ray and Cosmic ray bombardments.
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- Betelgeuse is the closest star, in Constellation Orion, that could be the next supernova near Earth. So, we have evolved “ supernovae archaeologists” to study human evolution. We humans are not just Earthlings, we are also citizens of the Cosmos.
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- Supernovae affects on evolution is not the only theory. Dark Matter could have been an impact factor. After all it is 83% of all the matter in the Universe.
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- Astronomers can not “see” Dark Matter, but, they have detected and measured it through its gravitational pull. It is the fabric that is holding galaxies together, keeping them form flying apart like a lawn sprinkler.
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- Science has not determined what particles exist that make up Dark Matter. It appears to be outside our “ Standard Model of Particle Physics”. A new name for Weakly Interactive Massive Particles, “ WIMPS”.
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- We think the gravity math is true, it has worked for over 100 years of observations. Detection has expanded to the search into Gamma Ray emissions that may result in Dark Matter interactions with Ordinary Matter. Dark Matter may have its own “dark electromagnetism‘. It may be composed of not just one particle but many different partially - interacting particles. Neutrons in our Natural World do not interact with protons or electrons. Maybe WIMPS are similar?
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- Lisa Randall has authored a new book “ Dark Matter and Dinosaurs” that postulates Dark Matter may have influenced the evolution of life on Earth.
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- Our neighborhood of galaxies, the Milky Way, Andromeda, and dozens of Dwarf Galaxies lie in roughly the same plane. Maybe a slight Dark Matter interaction is responsible for creating this structure. The rotation of clouds of Dark Matter could collapse into flat disks. Maybe these “Dark Disks” are embedded in our visible disks.
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- Our solar system takes 240,000,000 years to complete one orbit around the Milky Way. Evidence is that our galactic orbit bobs up and down in a wavy motion traveling through the galactic plane every 32,000,000 years. Meteor impacts on Earth have occurred at about the same intervals. The Cretaceous - Tertiary extinction of the dinosaurs occurred 67,000,000 years ago.
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- An asteroid impact left a crater 110 miles in diameter at Chicxulub, Mexico. The asteroid was 6 miles diameter. The release of energy into the climate killed 75% of the life on Earth. Studying older craters uncovered nearly the same 35,000,000 cycle of large meteor impacts.
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- Can science really tie mass extinctions to the meteorite cratering record?
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- Could still another theory include a 9th planet orbiting outside the Kuiper Belt of asteroids and Dwarf Planets that is sending meteors into the inner Solar System.
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- New evidence shows astronomers that the 6 most distant objects with orbits beyond Neptune are all mysteriously aligned in one direction. They al tilt identically from the plane of the Solar System. The probability calculated for this occurring by coincidence is 0.007 percent. So, what was the cause for this alignment?
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- Computer modeling puts constraints on the 9th planet that is 10 times the mass of he Earth. In orbit 30 degrees from the orbital plane of our 8 planets. With an average distance of 600 AU from the Sun. ( 1 AU - Earth-Sun distance, 93 million miles)
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- The planet could have a 20,000 year orbit. At its closest distance in its eccentric orbit it could be as bright as Magnitude 18 in the southern sky. Perihelion is when the orbit is closest to the Sun. Aphelion is when it is the furthest. At its furthest point its brightness would be a very dim Magnitude 25 ( See footnote 1)
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- The active search is on. All the math gives us confidence we will find a 9th Planet. Stay tuned, an announcement will be made shortly.
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- Request these Reviews to learn more:
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- #1806 , #1807 , #1808 - evolution is my genealogy over 4,000 years, 139 generations. And, the evolution of time 10^-43 seconds to present day, 15,000,000,000 years
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- #693 - Evolution of plants and animals.
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- #583 - Life Evolution and God.
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- Footnote (1) The Greek Astronomer Hipparchus ( 190 - 120 B.C.) first described the Magnitude system for the Apparent Brightness of stars. The brightest stars were given a Magnitude 1. The next brightest Magnitude 2, etc…. to the faintest visible stars a Magnitude 6.
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- Today modern algorithms define Apparent Magnitudes “ Each difference of 5 Magnitudes represents a factor of 100 in brightness. Magnitude 1 star is 100 times brighter than a Magnitude 6 star. The brightest star needs a negative Magnitude, Sirius is Magnitude -1.46.
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----- 707-536-3272 ---------------- Saturday, April 30, 2016 -----
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