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--------------------- 2443 - CALENDAR - since 1941
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- This really is the big picture. It starts with the beginning of time and ends with the end of the Universe. The beginning is a Planck Second, 10^-43 seconds.
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- These numbers are so small and so large they can only be dealt with using exponents.
So, 10^-43 seconds is the decimal followed by 42 zeros then the 1.
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- The big picture details the time from the creation of the Universe to the death of the Universe. Because this time scale is so large, our existence here on Earth is a mere spec of time. In order to resolve human events in these Universal events the time has been magnified 10,000,000,000 times.
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- This the last part of the universe history starting in 1941. The history of the previous 15 billion years is available upon request. It is eleven more pages.
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14,999,999,938 1941 Jim was born, with world’s first programmable digital computer the Z-3
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14,999,999,939 1942
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14,999,999,940 1943 Britain's Colossus computer breaks German war code.
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14,999,999,941 1944 Vacuum tube and punched paper tape computer. Interstellar hydrogen emits radio waves at 21.1 centimeters wavelength.
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14,999,999,942 1945 John von Neumann describes stored program concept.
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14,999,999,943 1946 ENIAC army's programmable computer. TVs in the home.
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14,999,999,944 1947 Shockley's transistor
14,999,999,945 1948 Cybernetics published
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14,999,999,946 1949 George Orwell book "1984" computers enslave the world.
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14,999,999,947 1950 UNIVAC used in US census, color television
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14,999,999,948 1951 EDVAC first computer with a stored program
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14,999,999,949 1952 UNIVAC computer predicts Dwight Eisenhower will be elected, first transistor radios, IBM's first scientific computer.
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14,999,999,950 1953 Discovered chemical structure of DNA
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14,999,999,951 1954
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14,999,999,952 1955 William Shockley's semiconductor lab, Remington Sperry Rand corporation competes with IBM, IBM introduces 2,200 transistor calculator. Space program defines computer needed to launch rocket to the moon.
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14,999,999,953 1956 IBM invents FORTRAN language, first computer defeats chess champion, first battery watch, Artificial Intelligence first conference.
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14,999,999,954 1957 Kenneth Olsen found DEC. Russians launch sputnik
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14,999,999,955 1958 Jack Kilby, Texas Instruments, integrated circuit, LISP AI language, Semour Cray's first transistorized supercomputer. Americans launch first satellite.
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14,999,999,956 1959 Jack Kilby and Robvert Noyce develop computer chip, COBOL computer language, Xerox first commercial copier. Lunik II lands on Moon.
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14,999,999,957 1960 First ruby laser, 6000 computers in the US
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14,999,999,958 1961 First time sharing computer, John F Kennedy Apollo program to go to the Moon. Gagarin first man in space.
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14,999,999,959 1962 First industrial robots, Jim graduates with Engineering degree John Glenn first American in orbit. Quasar is discovered.
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14,999,999,960 1963 DEC PDP-8 first successful minicomputer.
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14,999,999,961 1964 IBM 360 series computers, BASIC software language, Gordon Moore's law IC's will double in complexity each year
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14,999,999,962 1965 .Robotics Institute at Carnegie Mellon University is founded, prediction that by 1985 machines will be capable of doing any work a man can do. Penzias and Wilson discover remnants of the Big Bang, Microwave Background Radiation.
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14,999,999,963 1966 Amateur Computer Society is formed. Luna 9 and Surveyor I land on the Moon
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14,999,999,964 1867 First internal pacemaker, uses integrated circuit, IC. Pulsars discovered.
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14,999,999,965 1968 Gordon Moore and Robert Noyce found Intel. Borman, Lovell and Anders fly around Moon
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14,999,999,966 1969 Armstrong and Aldrin land on Moon
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14,999,999,967 1970 Per capita GNP is $3,500 in 1958 dollars. Floppy disk introduced for storing data. Xerox Palo Alto Research Center introduces the first personal computer.
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14,999,999,968 1971 Intel 4004, first microprocessor. First pocket calculator. Russian probe lands on Mars.
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14,999,999,969 1972 Dreyfus publishes What Computers Can't Do, arguing that symbol manipulation cannot be the basis of human intelligence Gamma rays first observed.
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14,999,999,970 1973 Genetic engineering, DNA's strands are cut, joined, and then reproduced by inserting them into bacterium. Pioneer 10 transmits images from Jupiter.
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14,999,999,971 1974 Creative Computing magazine for home computer hobbyists. Intel 8 bit 8080.
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14,999,999,972 1975 Altair 8800 first PC introduced with 256bytes of memory, 5000 PC's sold in US. BYTE magazine is published
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14,999,999,973 1976 Apple computer founded. Print to speech reading machine, optical character recognition, scans and reads aloud printed material
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14,999,999,974 1977 The film Star Wars, fiber optics in the telephone system, Apple II with color graphics ( I had one, serial number 200)
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14,999,999,975 1978 Speak and spell computerized learning for kids, TI's electronically duplicate of the human vocal tract on a chip Charon, Pluto’s moon discovered
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14,999,999,976 1979 expert system in medicine diagnoses cases of meningitis, Visicalc, the first electronic spreadsheet.
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14,999,999,977 1980 AI annual revenue is 2 million dollars
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14,999,999,978 1981 Xerox introduces the Star computer, Apple The laser printer.
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14,999,999,979 1982 Compact disk players, Lotus 123 spreadsheet
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14,999,999,980 1983 Fax machines a necessity, musical instrument digital interface
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14,999,999,981 1984 Apple computer bit mapped graphics, icons, and mouse
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14,999,999,982 1985 116 million jobs in US vs 12 million in 1870, per capita GNP increased 600%
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14,999,999,983 1986 Electronic keyboards are 55% of US musical keyboard market, life expectancy is 74 years in US, 3% of work force involved in food production, 76% have high school diplomas,7.3 million students in college. Challenger space shuttle disaster.
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14,999,999,984 1987 NYSE stock, greatest loss in single day due to computerized trading, speech systems with large vocabulary.
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14,999,999,985 1988 Computer memory costs 100 millionth of cost in 1950, 4,800,000 computers sold in US, Connection machine capable of 65,536 computations at the same time, notebook computers replacing laptops. Quasar discovered 17 billion light-years away.
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14,999,999,986 1889 Intel 16 Megahertz 2.5 MIPS microprocessor. Magellan radar map of Venus. Voyager 2 at Neptune
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14,999,999,987 1990 http, hypertext markup language developed for www, CD-ROM magazine published, Hubble space telescope. Keck telescope.
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14,999,999,988 1991 Cell phones and e-mail are popular
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14,999,999,989 1992 First PDA, handheld computer by Apple COBE satellite proves existence of temperature fluctuations in microwave background
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14,999,999,990 1993 Pentium 32 bit microprocessor with 3.1 million transistors. Endeavour mission corrects Hubble space telescope. Gamma Ray Bursts discovered.
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14,999,999,991 1994 world wide web, America on line has 1 million subscribers. Comet Shoemaker-Levy crashes into Jupiter.
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14,999,999,992 1995 America on line has 1 million subscribers. Galileo reaches planet Jupiter.
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14,999,999,993 1996 Scanners and CD ROMS widely used, Compac , NEC ship handheld computers with Windows CE NEC ships PDA with touch screen interface
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14,999,999,994 1997 DEC introduces 300 MHz CPU at 1 billion instructions / sec Continuous speech dictation software, video phones, face recognition
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14,999,999,995 1998 phone verbal dialogue with humans, evolutionary algorithms and neural nets to make investment decisions, www is ubiquitous, animated faces that speak with realistic mouth movements, virtual retina display projects image on your retina, bluetooth and wireless high bandwidth connection to web
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14,999,999,996 1999 Age of Spiritual Machines, When Computers Exceed Human Intelligence
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14,999,999,997 2000 Computer defeats Gary Kasparov, world chess championship
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14,999,999,998 2001
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14,999,999,999 2002
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15,000,000,000 2003 WE ARE HERE, 15 BILLION YEARS AFTER THE BIG BANG.
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15,000,000,001 2004
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15,000,000,002 2005
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15,000,000,003 2006
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15,000,000,004 2007
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15,000,000,005 2008
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15,000,000,006 2009 A $1000 PC can perform a trillion calculations a second.
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15,000,000,007 2010 Visual displays imbedded in clothing and jewelry. Wireless to the web. Business transactions with virtual personality that looks like a human face.
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15,000,000,008 2011 reading machines for the blind, listening machines for the deaf
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15,000,000,009 2012 computer controlled paraplegic limbs
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15,000,000,010 2013 translating telephones for many languages
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15,000,000,011 2014 human musicians jam with cybernetic musicians
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15,000,000,012 2015 bioengineered treatment for cancer and heart disease
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15,000,000,013 2016
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15,000,000,014 2017
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15,000,000,015 2018
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15,000,000,016 2019 A $1000 ( 1999$) computer is equal to the computational ability of the human brain.
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15,000,000,017 2020 computers are embedded everywhere, largely invisible
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15,000,000,018 2021 3D virtual reality displays
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15,000,000,019 2022 nano-engineering in manufacturing
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15,000,000,020 2023 most learning conducted through intelligent, simulated software-based teachers.
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15,000,000,021 2024 Blind have eyeglass reading, navigation systems. Deaf read lips through lens displays. Paraplegic walk and climb with computer controlled nerve stimulation
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15,000,000,022 2025 Business transactions use simulated person
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15,000,000,023 2026 People begin to have relationships with robots. Automated driving everywhere
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15,000,000,024 2027
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15,000,000,025 2028
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15,000,000,026 2029 A $1000 computer has the computing capacity of 1000 human brains. Eye implants allow interfacing with www computing. Neural implants enhance sight, hearing, memory, reasoning. Most communications does not involve a human
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15,000,000,027 2030 computers are given legal rights
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15,000,000,037 2040 machines claim to be conscious
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15,000,000,047 2050 nanoproduced food with correct nutritional value
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15,000,000,057 2060
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15,000,000,067 2070 picoengineering becomes practical
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15,000,000,077 2080 There is no longer a clear distinction between humans and computers.
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15,000,000,087 2090 software based humans exceeds neuron cell based computation. Information can be instantly understood
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15,000,000,097 3000 femtoengineering. Life expectancy is no longer a viable term in relation to intelligent beings. While we consider the fate of the Universe.
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?????
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- September 20, 2019. 2166
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----- Comments appreciated and Pass it on to whomever is interested. ----
--- Some reviews are at: -------------- http://jdetrick.blogspot.com -----
-- email feedback, corrections, request for copies or Index of all reviews
--- to: ------ jamesdetrick@comcast.net ------ “Jim Detrick” -----------
- https://plus.google.com/u/0/ -- www.facebook.com -- www.twitter.com
--------------------- Monday, September 23, 2019 -------------------------
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?????
- September 20, 2019. 2166
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----- Comments appreciated and Pass it on to whomever is interested. ----
--- Some reviews are at: -------------- http://jdetrick.blogspot.com -----
-- email feedback, corrections, request for copies or Index of all reviews
--- to: ------ jamesdetrick@comcast.net ------ “Jim Detrick” -----------
- https://plus.google.com/u/0/ -- www.facebook.com -- www.twitter.com
--------------------- Friday, September 20, 2019 -------------------------
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