- Recent Reviews available, also by request.
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- 2728 - UNIVERSE - is it the same everywhere? Is the Universe the same everywhere? Are the “natural constants” always the same regardless of where they are in the Universe? Recent studies and questions are proposing that not only does a “universal constant” seem annoyingly inconstant at the outer fringes of the cosmos, it may occur in only one direction.
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- 2729 - COSMIC RAYS - to explain an expanding Universe? Could the Universe have expanded faster than the speed of light? The Universe appears to be “homogeneous” and “isotropic“ , the same in all directions. If light really was faster in the beginning then that could explain it. One way to test this theory is to study cosmic rays.
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- 2730 - ASTRONOMY - has some amazing stories? These are stories of nature’s laws that we are trying to understand. What we learn is that the true universe is far stranger and more incredible than we can even imagine.
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- 2731 - MOTION - in the heavens? Everything is in motion. Velocity s everywhere. Velocity is the change in space per the change in time. Space is expanding. Time moves forward. Neither are standing still. Everything we can witness in our Solar System appears to be in motion. But, how did we learn the motions in the sky starting with the Earth being stationary?
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- 2732 - ASTRONOMY - more mysteries uncovered? Not only does a universal constant rate of expansion seem annoyingly inconstant at the outer fringes of the cosmos, it occurs in only one direction, which is weird. Astrophysicists continue to find hints that one of the cosmological constant is not so constant after all.
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- 2733 - HIGGS BOSON - are there heavier bosons ? The Higgs particle is a piece of a field that permeates all of space-time. It interacts with many particles, like electrons and quarks, providing those atomic particles with mass. The Higgs boson is a subatomic particle first spotted in the Large Hadron Collider in Switzerland in 2012.
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- 2734 - DECOHERENCE -the affects of the very small? - Quantum Mechanics is the science of the very small. It studies the behavior of fundamental particles the size of the atom or smaller. The physics of the very small produces some very strange results. Particles and waves interchange.
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- 2735 - VENUS - explain its strange rotation ? Venus is unique in our Solar System because it is what’s known as a “super-rotator“. That means that Venus’ atmosphere rotates faster than the planet itself. Only Saturn’s moon Titan has the same characteristic.
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- 2736 - HUBBLE - 30 years of astronomy? - The Hubble Space Telescope launched on the 24th of April, 30 years ago. One of the primary reasons for the Hubble telescope’s longevity is that it can be serviced and improved with new observational instruments through Space Shuttle visits.
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- 2737 - QUASAR - the most distant light? When astronomers take a photo of the most distant light coming from a Quasar that is 13,000,000,000 lightyears away they are recording astronomical history. That same Quasar that was likely the center of an infant galaxy is now 46,000,000,000 lightyears away. That Quasar that is photographed at the center of a distant galaxy may not even exist today.
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- 2738 - PHYSICS - Spacetime, Energy, and Calculus? clocks run slower as you go faster and faster, yes, that includes biological clocks. NASCAR drivers are younger than their twin brothers the accountants . Using Einstein’s equations you can actually calculate how much younger. But, I said this review would be Newtonian, actually it is whole course in Physics.
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- 2739 - COSMIC RAYS - new discoveries? - A lot of what we know about the Standard Model of Nature’s fundamental particles came from studying Cosmic Rays. All ordinary matter that we know is made of Leptons and Quarks. Cosmic Rays are mostly protons that are made up of 3 Quarks.
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- 2740 - BIG BANG - can‘t explain the universe we see? The Big Bang theory for the beginning of he Universe was pretty much understood. All the math worked out as expected at the time. Well, until astronomers tried to explain the behavior of other galaxies that were later discovered. Making sense of this will require still more new discoveries.
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- 2741 - - PI - number Pi, who discovered it? We all learned about Pi in grade school. The area of a circle is Pi * (radius)^2. The circumference of a circle is 2* Pi*r. But where did this Pi come from?
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- 2742 - PIEZOELECTRICITY - electricity from sound waves? Our energy problems could be solved. We could be generating electricity by talking, by simply moving, by walking, by running, by driving, and not changing anything we are already doing. By talking into your cell phone your sound waves could be charging up the phone. By driving on the freeway your tire noise could be running the street lighting.
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- 2743 - ASTRONOMY - discoveries in astronomy? The last 50 years have brought many new discoveries to astronomy. This review starts in 1973 and brings us to 2020.
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- 2744 - LIFE - will we find it on other planets? One of the driving forces in human curiosity is finding life on other planets. Will it be more advanced or will it be more primitive. The basic question is, “ Are we alone?” Whatever is out there, speak up!
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- 2745 - PLANCK - satellite measures an expanding universe? Astronomers using X-ray data from these orbiting observatories studied hundreds of galaxy clusters, the largest structures in the universe held together by gravity, and how their apparent properties differ across the sky. This new discovery flies in the face of one of the pillars of cosmology, the study of the history and fate of the entire universe. Cosmology up to now maintained that the universe is ‘isotropic,’ meaning the same in all directions.
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------------------------- Monday, May 25, 2020 --------------------------------
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