Wednesday, December 16, 2020

Index of Reviews:


-  Index or reviews available upon request or from a web search.

-   2921  -  COMETS  -  and asteroids near miss?  Asteroids are comets that have been orbiting closer to the Sun.  Their orbits are in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter.  Asteroids are mostly solid rock because all of their lighter elements have been evaporated off.  

-  2922  - WHITE  DWARFS  -  the core of supernovae?  An exploding white dwarf star blasted itself out of its orbit with another star in a ‘partial supernova’ and is now hurtling across our galaxy.  This opens up the possibility of many more survivors of supernovae traveling undiscovered through the Milky Way, as well as other types of supernovae occurring in other galaxies that astronomers have never seen before.

-  2923  -  BRAIN  -  human brain versus the Universe?  This review follows the investigation of the similarities between two of the most challenging and complex systems in nature: the cosmic network of galaxies and the network of neuronal cells in the human brain.

-  2924  -  COSMIC  INFLATION   -  understanding the Universe?   Shortly after the Big Bang, the universe was a relatively small, nearly infinitely dense place.  13.8 billion years ago the expanding universe means the entirety of what we know is now incredibly large and is getting more immense every day.   The Universe is expanding at an ever accelerating rate. 

-  2925  -    SPACE   -  living there and the weather?  The Space Station has been an orbiting lab with 20 years of continuous human presence.  On Nov. 2, 2000, the first crew, Expedition 1, arrived at the ISS. NASA astronaut William Shepherd was the space station's first commander, paving the way for 20 years of humans living and working in low Earth orbit. Space weather is one of today’s explorations. 

-  2926  -  GALAXY  ROTATION  -  can Dark Matter explain it?  -  ‘Dark’ matter was first proposed to explain the anomaly observed in the rotational velocities of galaxies.  The observed rotational velocities of the gas and dust at the outer edges of a galaxy is rotating just as fast as the gas and dust near its center.  Not what astronomers expected!

-  2927  -  EARTH  -  Revolutions and orbits are how we tell time.   We not only know that Earth’s orbit slightly changes over time, but we can quantify and confidently state exactly what those changes will be. What does this mean for the speed of Earth around 

-  2928  -  MILKY WAY  GALAXY   -  precision mapping?  The most precise 3-D map of our Milky Way galaxy in the year 2020 has been produced by astronomers.  This 3-D Milky Way map was created using data from the European Space Agency’s “Gaia space probe” that’s been scanning the stars since 2013.

-  2929  -  BLACKHOLES  -  history of discovery.  -   Blackholes were first discovered before I was born.  In 1937, an astronomically inclined electrical engineer named Grote Reber built a homemade radio dish out of lumber and sheet metal in his backyard in Wheaton, Illinois. The following year, he confirmed Karl Jansky’s 1931 discovery of radio waves emanating from the center of the Milky Way. 

-  2930  -  GALAXIES  -  how many galaxies is the Universe?  The universe is an immensely large place. Even distances between the nearest objects are staggering, and the distances across the Milky Way Galaxy and certainly between galaxies in the universe are astonishingly huge to living beings stuck on a planet

-  2931  - DARK  MATTER  -   explorations?  -  Researchers remain unsure about what exactly dark matter is. Originally, some scientists conjectured that the missing mass in the universe was made up of small faint stars and black holes, though detailed observations have not turned up nearly enough such objects to account for the significant amount of dark matter's influence.   

-  2932  -  GAIA  -  space telescope measure star’s motion.  - The Gaia space telescope has measured the acceleration of the Solar System when it orbits the center of our Milky Way galaxy.  The Gaia massive endeavor is to  result in three-dimensional mapping of our galaxy, to be completed in 2024.

-  2933  -  ASTRONOMY  -  most important discoveries.  Below is a list of ten most important discoveries in astronomy:  

-  2934  -  -  FRAGMENTS OF ENERGY  -    new theory for spacetime?   For decades I have been learning about the disagreement between the two theories of science Einstein’s spacetime Theory of Relativity  versus  Quantum Mechanics descriptions of how an atom works.  One works with big dimensions the other works only with the smallest dimensions.  We need a theory of everything:

-  2935  -  GRAVITY  WAVES  -  whole new astronomy. Whatever the future may hold for gravitational-wave science, one thing is for certain: Yet another confirmation of Einstein’s general theory of relativity, the detection of gravitational waves, has finally provided an entirely new way for astronomers to explore the universe.

-  2936  -  MOON  -  facts from moon-watching?  -   If  you view the crescent moon seen from Mill Valley set behind Mount Tamalpais, Marin County, California, you see the brightness of the portion of the Moon not directly lit by the Sun, but instead illuminated by “Earthshine“. It will change over time, dependent on how reflective the Earth is, which is dependent on a number of factors, including cloud cover, ice cover, the time of day and the Earth's rotation, and even the seasons. 

-  2937  -  COSMIC  RAYS  -  where do they come from?  Cosmic rays are mostly protons, the nucleus of atoms that have a positive electrical charge.  They are traveling at near light speed and are entering Earth’s atmosphere and your very own body every second. 

-  2938  - NEUTRINO  -  and cosmic ray discoveries? -  We all know that all material is made of atoms. Atoms combine into elements and molecules to create our material world.  But what makes up atoms?  You may have already learned that they are made up of electrons and protons.  Now we enter the world of Particle Physics, what makes up protons?

-  2939  -  ASTEROID  -  sample return?  -  Japan’s Hayabusa 2 probe zoomed past Earth on December 5th and dropped off a capsule containing bits of an asteroid, finishing a six-year round trip to an asteroid

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-  December 16, , 2020                                                                         2900        

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 ---------------------   Wednesday, December 16, 2020  -------------------------

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