- 3450 - UNIVERSE - where is the missing mass? - Dark Matter is one of the most enduring, frustrating, and confusing mysteries ever! The most widely accepted theories of the Universe don’t make sense without out a Dark Matter theory.
------------- 3450 - UNIVERSE - where is the missing mass?
- Dark Matter is one of the most enduring, frustrating, and confusing mysteries ever! The most widely accepted theories of the Universe don’t make sense without out a Dark Matter theory.
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- Dark Matter is just beyond the edge of scientific knowledge. Einstein’s Theory of General Relativity can calculate how massive objects behave on the largest cosmic scales. However, throughout the 1950s and 60s (the “Golden Age of Relativity”), astrophysicists noticed that the gravitational behaviors they were observing did not conform to the amount of “luminous” visible matter.
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- The evidence for it is all around us. There’s the rotation curves of galaxies. There’s the temperatures of galaxy clusters. There’s the bending of light around massive structures. There’s the large-scale structure of the Universe itself. There’s the cosmic microwave background.
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- Dark Matter (DM) states that it conforms to three parameters: Cold, Collisionless, and Abundant. This forms the basis for the most widely accepted model of the Universe, which is the Lamba Cold Dark Matter (LCDM) model. Whatever dark matter is, it must be cold, collision-less, and abundant.
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- The rotational velocities of galaxies (a result of their mass distribution) show how luminous matter alone cannot account for what we see. There’s also the presence of “Dark Matter Halos,” which every galaxy in the Universe appears to have.
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- This scale density and scale radius are different numbers for every single halo, but no matter what, they all share this common shape and the shape looks like this, density as a function of radius. The scale radius tells us where this breaking point is. It tells us something interesting about the evolution of dark matter halos.
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- Dark Matter forms as a dense, centralized, ball-like structure that accumulates more dark matter particles over time. The formation of these halos is intrinsically linked to the formation and evolution of galaxies and the large-scale structure of the Universe.
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- Why have so many candidates particlas? Examples include WIMPs, self-interacting dark matter, axions, and axion-like particles. We have primordial blackholes and sterile neutrinos.
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- Existing efforts to detect Dark Matter candidate particles include neutrino detectors like the IceCube Observatory in Antarctica, the SNOLAB facility in Ontario, and the Super-Kamiokande Observatory in Japan.
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- These facilities are usually located underground and operate in total darkness to ensure no background interference from ElectroMagnetic sources. This way, the detectors can spot the tiniest releases of energy that may result from interaction between Dark Matter candidate particles or a one-in-a-million chance of interaction with normal matter.
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- Neutrinos are absolutely a physical undeniable verifiable example of dark matter. They do not interact with light. They have all the properties of dark matter, but they’re not heavy enough or abundant enough to explain the extreme dominance in the energy pie, where dark matter is taking up some twenty-five percent,
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- Are there really heavy neutrinos? Science is looking for WIMPs that are much, much heavier than neutrinos and that don’t fit into our standard understanding of particle physics.
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- Dark matter particles known as neutralinos annihilate each other, creating a cascade of particles and radiation that includes medium-energy gamma rays. Dark matter is more than a hypothesis. It’s a framework for understanding vast swaths of phenomena across the Universe, but it’s like a house that isn’t finished. We have the foundation but dark matter remains on the edge of our knowledge.
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- See Review 3448 for more information ………………..
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February 7, 2022 - UNIVERSE - where is the missing mass? 3450
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----------------------------- Monday, February 7, 2022 ---------------------------
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