- 3850
- Index of Reviews 3851 to 3900
- This
index is of the 50 reviews from 3850 to
3900. Indices of all previous reviews is
available upon request.
- Writing style is stochatto with each paragraph an idea and limited to a few pages in total. Comments are always welcome. See: https:://jimdetrick@blogspot.net
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------ 3850 - Index of Reviews 3851 to 3900
- 3849
- DARK MATTER
- mysteries near the Sun? Space probes that fly close to the sun might
one day help to reveal the nature of dark matter. Dark matter is the invisible
and largely intangible substance that researchers suggest makes up about
five-sixths of all matter in the universe.
-
- 3851
- ASTERPOIDS -
history of the Universe? - The history of the solar system is encoded
in asteroids, the planetary crumbs left over from its birth over 4.5 billion
years ago. NASA is trying to bring back
a sample from Bennu, a carbonaceous asteroid.
-
- 3852
- ASTEROIDS -
threaten our planet? Asteroids
hanging around Earth? Scientists are
discovering new near-Earth asteroids practically daily, with more than 27,000
identified to date.
-
- 3853
- TELESCOPES - work
together? Is it possible for Earth
and space-based telescopes to work together? Astronomers wrote a white paper
that points out the potential benefits of coordinating ground, orbital and in
situ based observations of objects.
-
- 3854
- MARS WEATHER
- reports sent back? Mars' weather is proving to be turbulent
and diverse over the Perseverance rover's landing site in Jezero Crater. NASA's Perseverance rover is dotted with
various weather sensors, collectively called the Mars Environmental Dynamics
Analyzer (MEDA), which cover the rover's neck and deck; some are also housed in its interior.
-
- 3855 -
EXO-PLANETS - and gravitational waves. As gravitational waves pass through
pulsars, astronomers can spot the tiny changes in the pulsar's regular rhythm.
This method promises to reveal colliding pairs of black holes in which each
partner is around a billion times the mass of our sun.
-
- 3856
- GRAVITY WAVES
- paths of light beams? -
Relavity has really tangled up the light from a distant Quasar. In 1979, astronomers spotted two nearly
identical quasars that seemed close to each other in the sky. These so-called
“Twin Quasars” are actually separate images of the same object.
-
- 3857
- LIFE ON
OTHER PLANETS? From black holes to the search for life and beyond, all of
astronomy's greatest mysteries are on the table and astronomers are already
planning how to solve them, using tools that range from the biggest space
telescopes to arrays of tiny radio telescopes scattered across a desert on
Earth.
-
- 3858
- COMETS -
volcanic activity? - Viewers who have a clear view of the night
sky away from significant light pollution will be able to spot the comet
without a telescope. Look to the
northern sky between the Big Dipper and the North Star. It will look like a small fuzzy patch of
light, possibly slightly greenish.
-
3859
- GAMMA RAYS -
the hunt for the source? - New research shows the cocoon is caused by
gamma rays emitted by fast-spinning extreme stars called "millisecond
pulsars" located in the Sagittarius dwarf galaxy, which orbits the Milky
Way.
-
3860
- PLANETS - the
search is on? There is a whole new
era of telescopes, in space and on the ground, set to revolutionize astronomy.
From black holes to the search for life and beyond, all of astronomy's greatest
mysteries are under assault. Astronomers are
using tools that range from the biggest space telescopes to arrays of
tiny radio telescopes scattered across a desert on Earth.
-
- 3861
- NEUTRINO SCIENCE
- what is its mass? Neutrinos are the only fundamental particles
whose mass we still don’t know. As their name implies, neutrinos are very, very
small. But they outnumber the other fundamental particles by a factor of 10
billion.
-
- 3862
- NEW SCIENCE - in
“weather” balloons? - Our scientists have so many new
capabilities. A new propulsion system
could levitate vehicles in the Earth’s upper a atmosphere. This could be a more modern technology to do
the same thing as a weather balloon.
-
- 3863
- WHITE DWARF
- measuring the mass? How was microlensing used to measure the
mass of a white dwarf star? Astronomers
have directly measured the mass of a dead star using an effect known as
“gravitational microlensing”.
-
- 3864
- EXOPLANETS - so
many discoveries? Astronomers have
discovered more than 5,200 exoplanets, less than 200 are rocky terrestrial
exoplanet. Exoplanet “Wolf 1069 b”,
which orbits a red dwarf star, Wolf 1069, is only 31 light-years from Earth.
-
- 3865 -
COSMOLOGY - how it all got started? The James Webb Space Telescope observed a
galaxy that existed about 325 million years after the Big Bang this past
summer, 2021. This established a new record for the earliest galaxy ever observed.
However, the JWST can only observe the brightest galaxies from this epoch,
while arrays like HERA and CHIME continue to probe the “darker” regions of the
early Universe.
-
- 3866
- PULSARS -
beacons of rotating stars.
Pulsars are rapidly rotating neutron stars that blast out pulses of
radiation at regular intervals ranging from seconds to milliseconds. These 'cosmic lighthouses' can spin as fast
as 700 rotations per second.
-
- 3867
- QUASARS -
blackhole center of galaxies.
Discovered 60 years ago quasars have a misleading name. While these
objects do shine like a star from our eyes on Earth, they are the brightest
objects in the universe. They’re actually the ultra-bright centers of galaxies
powered by powerful supermassive black holes.
-
- 3868
- WHITE DWARF - mass
is measured? A bright white dwarf star
shining in front of a vast sea of distant stars and galaxies becomes the first
time that the mass of an isolated white dwarf star has been directly measured.
-
- 3869
- NUCLEAR ROCKETS
- are they safe to go to the
moon? Nuclear power presents transformative possibilities for space exploration
and the innovative study we are conducting on this could help to propel our
next generation of astronauts into space faster and for longer, significantly increasing
our knowledge of the universe.
-
- 3870
- MILKY WAY GALAXY
- new discoveries? The migration of stars to Andromeda and
the galaxy's growth history is similar
to that of the Milky Way. That means the findings have implications for our
understanding of both galaxies.
-
- 3871
- GAMMA RAY
BURSTERS - and tiny satellites? - Tiny satellites could revolutionize the study
of the most energetic explosion in the cosmos and help astronomers untangle the
mysteries of colliding stellar remnants, Gamma Ray Bursters, that produce
powerful gravitational waves.
-
- 3872
- RUSSIAN SATELLITE
DEBRIS - a ring of junk! Februay 8, 2022, a Russian satellite has broken into pieces,
littering debris in space. A Russian KOSMOS 2499 satellite broke up last
month, for a second time. The Space
Force said they are currently tracking 85 individual pieces of debris at an
altitude of 726 miles. The breakup
occurred on January 4, 2023, but the reason for the disintegration remains
unknown.
-
- 3873
- ATOMIC CLOCKS
- Measuring time precisely! Ultraprecise atomic optical clocks may
redefine the length of a second. The length of a second hasn't been updated in
70 years. A strontium lattice optical
atomic clock is an ultraprecise optical clock that may redefine the most
fundamental unit of time.
-
- 3874
- LIFE ON
PLANETS - check out Mars? When NASA’s Curiosity rover arrived at the
“sulfate-bearing unit” last fall, 2021, scientists thought they’d seen the last
evidence that lakes once covered this region of Mars. That’s because the rock
layers here formed in drier settings than regions explored earlier in the
mission. The area’s sulfates, salty minerals, are thought to have been left
behind when water was drying to a trickle.
-
- 3875
- MASSIVE BLACKHOLE
- not detected? The James Webb Space Telescope may be able
to reveal the presence of a supermassive black hole in the center of the galaxy
or one of the clumps of stars. If Webb is unable to find the black hole, then the
best explanation is that the black hole has recoiled well out of the center of
the galaxy.
-
- 3876
- MILKY WAY
GALAXY - how did it form? Although the night sky may seem
unchanging, the universe is a dynamic place. Galaxies like M31 and our Milky
Way are constructed from the building blocks of many smaller galaxies over
cosmic history.
-
- 3877
- GALAXY FORMATIONS
- how are they born? - The
Multi-Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) instrument at the Very Large Telescope
was used to study existing stars in the galaxy. It can image the galaxy in one
observation with multiple wavelengths of light. At the same time, it measures
the intensity of light coming from various regions. In doing so, it provides a
fascinating “3D” look at the galaxy and its components.
-
- 3878
- METEOR -
likely Earth impacts? A sizable
space rock will make its closest approach to Earth in four centuries on
Wednesday evening, February 15, 2023,
but it will miss us. A Valentine's kiss.
-
- 3879
- VENUS - our
sister planet? The “Mercury probe” provided
new info about Venus.“BepiColombo” and “Solar Orbiter” are also helping us
better understand Earth's sister planet.
The two probes en route to the sun, recently passed by Venus at nearly
the same time, visiting Earth's sister planet within a day of each other in
August 2021.
-
- 3880
- GALAXY FORMATION
- unwound history -
It's amazing that we can look out at the sky and read billions of years
of another galaxy's history as written in the motions of its stars — each star
tells part of the story.
-
- 3881
- ANDROMEDA GALAXY
- next door neighbor Astronomers have discovered new evidence
that Andromeda, the galaxy next door to our own, grew by merging with another
galaxy. The event triggered a mass migration of stars into the galaxy.
-
- 3882
- DARK MATTER
SECRETS - Space probes that fly close to the sun
might one day help to reveal the nature of “dark matter”. Dark matter is the invisible and largely
intangible substance that researchers suggest makes up about 80% of all matter
in the universe. “Ordinary Matter” is
only 5%.
-
- 3883
- HYDROGEN FUEL
- could it replace oil? The enthusiasm for natural hydrogen comes as
interest in hydrogen as a clean, carbon-free fuel is surging. Governments are
pushing it as a way to fight global warming, efforts that were galvanized when
Russia invaded Ukraine last year and triggered a hasty search, especially in
Europe, for alternatives to Russian natural gas.
-
- 3884
- NUMBERS - that
are special formulas? - The world's most famous irrational number,
pi, whose first 10 digits are 3.141592653.
As the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter, pi is not just
irrational, meaning it can't be written as a simple fraction. It is also
transcendental, meaning it's not the root, or solution, to any polynomial
equation.
-
- 3885
- MILKY WAY
GALAXY - our journey aound it? Earth's journey through the Milky Way may
have had a profound impact on our planet's geology. Every 200 million years, when Earth passes
through its galaxy's spiral arms, the planet is pummeled with high-energy
comets, and this bombardment may even thicken Earth's continental crust.
-
- 3886
- EARLIEST GALAXIES
- did JWST find them? The James Webb Space Telescope has
discovered a group of galaxies from the dawn of the universe that are so
massive they shouldn't exist. The six
gargantuan galaxies contain almost as many stars as the Milky Way despite
forming only 500 to 700 million years after the Big Bang.
-
- 3887
- MOON -
plans for a moonbase? Blue
Origin, Jeff Bezos' private spaceflight company, claims it has made major
progress in developing a way to make solar panels using materials from the lunar
surface.
-
- 3888
- GAMMA RAY
BURSTS - what causes them? What are those elusive gamma ray
bursts? Gamma-ray bursts are really
bright and all you need is a relatively small detector to spot them. Gamma-ray bursts are the highest-energy explosions
known to take place in the universe.
-
- 3889
- GALAXIES - are
too big, too early? - What do astronomers do when they find the
Universe arived too early and was bigger than calculations? Six galaxies were fouind to be too big, too
early.
-
- 3890
- SUPERNOVA -
shock waves create elements?
Some elements arrived on Earth by surfing supernova shock waves. When stars die, they spread the elements
they’ve created in their cores out to space. But, other objects and processes in
space also create elements. Eventually, that “star stuff” scatters across the
galaxy in giant debris clouds.
-
- 3891 -
EARLIEST GALAXIES - Webb
discoveries? Astronomers are poring
over the very first images from the brand new James Webb Space Telescope
(JWST). July 2022, barely a week after
those first images from the revolutionary super telescope were released.
Twenty-five years in the making, a hundred to a thousand times more powerful
than any previous telescope, one of the biggest and most ambitious scientific
experiments in human history, and what do we see?
-
- 3892
- MASSIVE BLACK
HOLES - went missing? This is a really surprising result. If
expansionary dark energy does lurk inside the cores of black holes, it will solve
two long-standing puzzles faced by Einstein’s general theory of relativity,
which describes how gravity affects the universe at large scales.
-
- 3893
- WATER ON
PLANETS - is there life there? This research adds another link in the
chemical chain reaching from the Big Bang to life. How do organic molecules in space gain
nitrogen atoms, which are critical components to amino acids, DNA, and
life? This work shows how the
materials for life are wrapped up in the formation of stars, solar systems, and
planets.
-
- 3894
- HYDROGEN
CARS - the future is here? - An ideal future is where areas bathed in
sunlight use solar cells to generate hydrogen, which will be loaded onto
next-gen tankers and shipped to countries around the world, emissions-free from
the air and back to it.
-
- 3895
- MILKY WAY & ANDROMEDA -
galaxies. Results suggest that
very early supermassive black holes were often heavily obscured by dust,
perhaps as a consequence of the intense star formation activity in their host
galaxies.
-
- 3896
- UNIVERSE - too
early? In the first data taken last
summer, 2022, with the Near Infrared
Camera (NIRCam) on the new James Webb Space Telescope, astronomers found six
galaxies from a time when the Universe was only 3% of its current age, just
500-700 million years after the Big Bang.
-
- 3897
- HEAVIEST ELEMENTS
- how did we get here? Some of the heavy elements arrived on Earth
by surfing supernova shock waves. When
stars die, they spread the elements they’ve created in their cores out to space
-
-- 3898
- RADIO WAVES - are
“light” for new telescopes. Astronomers
capture a radio signal from ancient galaxy at a record-breaking distance. The
signal was detected at a special and significant wavelength known as the
"21-centimeter line" or the "hydrogen line," which is
emitted by neutral hydrogen atoms.
-
- 3899
- EXOPLANETS - What
are some of them like? Although
astronomers have discovered more than 5,200 exoplanets, less than 200 are
rocky, the rest are gaseous.
-
January 28, 2022 Index of Reviews 3851 to 3900 3850
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--------------------- --- Saturday, March 4, 2023 ---------------------------
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