- 4450
- Index of Reviews 4450 to 4500
- This index is of the 50 reviews from 4500
to 4550. Indices of all previous reviews
is available upon request. Writing style
is stocatto with each paragraph an idea and limited to a few pages in
total. Comments are always welcome. See
https://jimdetrick@blogspot.net
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
---------------------------------- 4500
- Index of Reviews 4450 to 4500
-
- 4450
- CONSTELLATION CASSIOPEIA
- stars after explosion? -
When a massive star runs out of fuel, it collapses in on itself and then
explodes. It leaves behind a dense core where the protons and electrons are
crushed into neutrons. It’s called a “neutron star”, and they’re the smallest
and densest stellar objects in the Universe other than black holes.
-
- 4451 -
SUN - becomes a White Dwarf? - In
a couple billion years, our Sun will be unrecognizable. It will swell up and
become a “red giant”, then shrink
again and become a “white dwarf”. The inner planets aren’t expected to survive
all the mayhem these transitions unleash, but what will happen to them? What
will happen to the outer planets?
-
- 4452
- MARS & VENUS -
were they water worlds? - Evidence of ancient lake sediments at the
base of Mars' Jezero crater offer new hope for finding traces of life in
samples collected by NASA's Perseverance rover.
Perseverance touched down on Feb. 18, 2021 inside the Red Planet's
28-mile-wide Jezero Crater, which is believed to have once hosted a large lake
and river delta.
-
- 4453
- ASTEROID DISCOVERIES - how
many are there? The key to protecting
Earth from being hit by asteroids is knowing where all these are. We have
discovered over 27,000 overlooked asteroids in old telescope images. Asteroids in our solar system had been
overlooked in existing telescope images.
-
- 4454
- ATOMS become waves?- For the first time ever, physicists have
captured a clear image of individual atoms behaving like a wave. The image shows sharp red dots of fluorescing
atoms transforming into fuzzy blobs of wave packets and is a stunning
demonstration of the idea that atoms exist as both particles and waves. This concept is one of the cornerstones of
“quantum mechanics”.
-
- 4455
- SUPERCONDUCTIVITY - can
we harness it? - Last summer, 2023,
commentators went wild for LK-99, an alleged room-temperature superconductor
that seemed to foreshadow a wondrous age of perfectly efficient power lines and
magnetically levitating trains.
-
- 4456
- RING NEBULA
- interaction of three
stars? - Southern Ring Nebula has an unexpected
structure. Submillimeter wavelength
radio observations of the Southern Ring Nebula have identified that it's
actually a double ring, shaped by the interactions of three stars.
-
- 4457
- MERGING BLACKHOLES
- the center of galaxies? - The
hearts of galaxies can force black holes to collide. At the hearts of all large galaxies lie
cosmic monsters called supermassive black holes, enormous voids that swirl
around everything in the galaxies themselves.
-
- 4458 -
UNIVERSE - and Cosmic Inflation? - Our
Universe arose in the aftermath of “cosmic inflation”, triggering the hot Big
Bang some 13.8 billion years ago that eventually gave rise to us. The Universe
passed through many epochs, from free quarks and gluons to stable protons and
neutrons to neutral atoms to stars, galaxies, planets, and more.
-
- 4459
- EINSTEIN'S COSMIC
INFLATION? - is there more to it?
- Cosmic 'glitch' in gravity
challenge Albert Einstein's greatest theory?
There is no denying the awesome predictive power of Albert Einstein's
1915 theory of gravity, “general relativity”.
Yet, the theory still has inconsistencies when it comes to calculating
its effect on vast distances. And new research suggests these inconsistencies
could be the result of a "cosmic glitch" in gravity itself.
-
- 4460
- DARK ENERGY
and DARK MATTER?
- 20th-century astronomers
discovered the first of two invisible continents while observing the motions of
stars and galaxies. For outer stars to whip around the center of a galaxy as
quickly as they do they must be held by the gravity of something invisible. The
galaxy’s bright spiral would have to be a small seed sitting in the center of
an unseen cloud of “dark matter.”
-
- 4461
- METEORITES -
messages from space? - Meteorites provide our best information
about how the solar system formed and evolved. This includes planet formation.
We also obtain information on astrophysics (stellar processes) through studies
of pre-solar grains.
-
- 4462
- GALAXY BLACKHOLE
- reveals magnetic fields? A new view reveals magnetic fields around
our galaxy’s giant blackhole. Imagery
from the 'Event Horizon Telescope' (EHT) traces the lines of powerful magnetic
fields spiraling out from the edge of the supermassive black hole at the center
of our Milky Way galaxy, and suggests that strong magnetism may be common to
all supermassive black holes.
-
- 4463
- DARK MATTER
- could it be blackholes? -
Tiny black holes left over from the Big Bang may be prime dark matter
suspects. Tiny black holes, created
seconds after the birth of the universe, may survive longer than expected,
reigniting a suspicion that primordial black holes could account for dark
matter, the universe's most mysterious stuff.
-
- 4464
- KEPLER'S ORBIT
MATH - is still used today? The story of how we understand planetary
motion could not be told if it were not for the work of a German mathematician
named Johannes Kepler. Johannes Kepler
died Nov. 15, 1630, at age 58. NASA's Kepler space telescope was named for him.
The spacecraft launched March 6, 2009, and spent nine years searching for
Earth-like planets orbiting other stars in our region of the Milky Way
-
- 4465
- SUNSPOTS - we
had a big one this week? - The behemoth dark patch on the sun's
surface has ballooned in recent days, May 10,2024, becoming one of the largest
and most active sunspots seen this solar cycle.
“AR3664” caused the Space Weather Prediction Center to issue a warning
of increased solar flare risk from the solar giant on Tuesday, May 7.
-
- 4466
- DARK ENERGY
- expanding the Universe? Some 13.8 billion years ago, the universe
began with a rapid expansion we call the Big Bang. After this initial
expansion, which lasted a fraction of a second, gravity started to slow the
universe down. But the cosmos wouldn’t stay this way. Nine billion years after
the universe began, its expansion started to speed up, driven by an unknown
force that scientists have named “dark energy”.
-
- 4467
- EARTH -
earliest history? Our Earth is
the only life-supporting planet we know of, so it’s tempting to use it as a
standard in the search for life elsewhere. But the modern Earth can’t serve as
a basis for evaluating exoplanets and their potential to support life. Earth’s
atmosphere has changed radically over its 4.5 billion years.
-
- 4468
- STAR EXPLOSIONS
- how astronomers learn? The tumultuous massive star, in the final
year or so of its life, ejected large amounts of matter into space before going
supernova. This massive star that
exploded in the Pinwheel Galaxy in May appears to have unexpectedly lost one
sun's worth of ejected mass during the final years of its life before going
supernova.
-
- 4469
- NORTHERN LIGHTS
- May 2024, a huge solar flare sent a wave of energetic
particles from the sun surging out through space. The wave reached Earth, and people around
the world enjoyed the sight of unusually vivid aurora in both hemispheres. While the aurora is normally only visible
close to the poles, this was spotted as far south as Hawaii in the northern
hemisphere, and as far north as Mackay in the south.
-
- 4470
- NUCLEAR ENERGY
- will it work? In December 2022, after more than a decade of
effort and frustration, scientists at the US National Ignition Facility (NIF)
announced that they had set a world record by producing a fusion reaction that
released more energy than it consumed , a phenomenon known as “ignition”.
-
- 4471
- EXPANDING UNIVERSE
- is it flat? -
Our cosmic model of the universe, based on quantum mechanics and general
relativity, deals with the geometry of the universe as influenced by matter and
energy, which for most purposes is considered to be “flat”, that is the same in all directions..
-
- 4472
- KNOT THEORY
ORBITS - what are they for? -
When a spacecraft arrives at its destination, it settles into an orbit for
science operations. But after the primary mission is complete, there might be
other interesting orbits where scientists would like to explore. Maneuvering to
a different orbit requires fuel, limiting a spacecraft’s number of maneuvers.
-
- 4473
- OLDEST STARS
- may have been captured? The oldest stars in the universe were found
hiding near the Milky Way's edge, and they may not be alone. Astronomers reanalyzed the chemical
composition of three stars in the Milky Way's halo and found that they are
between 12 and 13 billion years old. They may have also been stolen from other
galaxies.
-
- 4474
- ATOMS - have
wave particle duality? - Atoms squished closer together than ever
before, revealing seemingly impossible “quantum effects”. Using a
laser technique, scientists have squished pairs of atoms closer together
than ever before, revealing some truly mind-boggling quantum effects.
-
- 4475
- PHOTON - what
Einstein discovered. - Creating the Photon started with a simple
experiment that was all the rage in the early 20th century. And as is usually
the case, simple experiments often go on to change the world, leading Einstein
himself to open the revolutionary door to the quantum world.
-
- 4476
- DARK MATTER
- experiments to learn what is
it? Dark matter makes up over 80% of
all matter in the universe, but scientists have never seen it. We only assume it exists because, without it,
the behavior of stars, planets and galaxies simply wouldn't make sense
according to laws of gravity
-
– 4477
- BLACKHOLES - what
have we learned? - James Webb Telescope detects most distant
black hole merger to date. Astronomers
find evidence for an ongoing merger of two galaxies and their massive black
holes when the universe was only 740 million years old. This marks the most
distant detection of a black hole merger ever obtained and the first time that
this phenomenon has been detected so early in the universe.
-
- 4478
- LIGHT PHOTONS
- how were they discovered? Einstein’s discovery of photons would be
just one result in the growing awareness of the microscopic, quantum
world. It was the first to claim that
an entity in nature (in this case, the radiation of Maxwell discovered) was
really made of quantum particles. That
is photons.
-
- 4479
- EUCLID TELESCOPE -
will it discover Dark Energy?
- Europe's Euclid space
telescope may see into the dark universe and may put Einstein's famous theory
of general relativity into question.
There is a problem with our understanding of the universe: It doesn't
make sense if we account only for the matter and energy that we can see,
measure or detect.
-
- 4480
- DAYTIME TELESCOPES
- really? -
Stargazing in broad daylight using a multi-lens telescope will change
how we do astronomy? Astronomers at
Macquarie University have pioneered a new technique for observing celestial
objects during the day, potentially allowing around-the-clock astronomy.
-
- 4481
- EINSTEIN'S -
theory of relativity? - Albert Einstein's famous theory of
relativity has been borne out in the real world, measured in eclipses,
distorted galaxies and even the universe's structure. General Relativity (GR), is the “theory of
gravity” first cooked up by Albert Einstein in a feat that took him seven years
to complete. It provided amazing
insights into how the world works.
-
- 4482
- FREE FLOATING
PLANETS - how many are there? -
Over 5,000 planets have been found orbiting other star systems. One of the
satellites hunting for them is “TESS,” the “Transiting Exoplanet Survey
Satellite”. Astronomers using TESS think they are made a surprising discovery; their first
free-floating, or rogue, planet.
-
- 4483
- PLANETS - 8
or is it now 5,000? - The hunt for new exoplanets continues. On
May 23rd, 2024, scientists published the
NASA TESS-Keck Catalog, an effort to publicly release over 9,000 radial
velocity measurements collected by NASA’s space-based Transiting Exoplanet
Survey Satellite (TESS).
-
- 4484
- EARTH'S MAGNETIC
FIELD - what caused it? -
The image of an atom, with electrons swarming around a central nucleus
bulging with protons and neutrons, is as iconic in our perception of
science. Exploring the fundamental
forces that govern our world, posing questions along the way that seek to
explain how the delicate balance of positive and negative charges paved the way
for gravity to shape our universe.
-
- 4485
- SUPERNOVAE -
close to home? - Before exploding, this star puffed out a
sun's worth of mass. The tumultuous
massive star, in the final year or so of its life, ejected large amounts of
matter into space before going supernova.
The star exploded in the Pinwheel Galaxy in May, 2023. It unexpectedly lost approximately one sun's
worth of ejected mass during the final years of its life before going supernova.
-
- 4486
- SUPERNOVAE 1987A
- what are the string of
pearls? - Astronomers finally have an explanation
for the “String of Pearls” in Supernova 1987a.
Not long after the explosion of Supernova 1987a, astronomers were making
predictions about how it might look in a few years.
- 4487
- JAMES WEBB
- sees the first stars? -
Using the James Webb Space Telescope, University of Copenhagen
researchers have become the first to see the formation of three of the earliest
galaxies in the universe, more than 13 billion years ago.
-
- 4488
- RARE EARTH
METALS - how did they get here? -
Before exploding, this star puffed out a sun's worth of mass. This supernova could prove to be a lynchpin
in our understanding of massive star deaths.
The massive star, in the final year or so of its life, ejected large
amounts of matter into space before going supernova.
-
- 4489
- EINSTEIN - how
did he get so smart? - Albert Einstein was arguably the most
famous scientist of the 20th century. Most people are familiar with his iconic
E=mc^2 equation, but his life and work encompassed so much more than that. For
instance, the brilliant physicist actually won the Nobel Prize for very
different work. From his humble beginnings as a patent clerk to the offer to
run a small country (that he turned down).
-
- 4490
- BLACKHOLE DISCOVERIES
- we keep learning more? -
Einstein’s theory of general relativity predicted both the existence of
black holes and gravitational waves, both of which continued to be scrutinized
throughout the 20th century, which includes what’s called the “golden age of
general relativity” during the 1960s and 1970s.
-
-
May 1, 2024 Index of Reviews 4450 to 4500 4500
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----- Comments appreciated and Pass it on to
whomever is interested. ---
--- Some reviews are at: -------------- http://jdetrick.blogspot.com -----
-- email feedback, corrections, request for
copies or Index of all reviews
--- to:
------
jamesdetrick@comcast.net
------ “Jim Detrick” -----------
---------------------
--- Friday, June 14, 2024
---------------------------
4500 -
Index of Reviews 4450 to 4500 6
-
May 22, 2024 4472
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-------- Comments appreciated and Pass it on to
whomever is interested. ---
--- Some reviews are at: -------------- http://jdetrick.blogspot.com -----
-- email feedback, corrections, request for
copies or Index of all reviews
--- to:
------
jamesdetrick@comcast.net
------ “Jim Detrick” -----------
--------------------- --- Friday, June 14, 2024
---------------------------------
No comments:
Post a Comment