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---------------------- 2254 - Relativity - Light has no time.
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- Light does not know time. Time has stopped for light. In fact, time does not move for all the electromagnetic forces and gravity when they’re traveling at light speed.
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- According to Albert Einstein’s equations, if light or gravity had mass, or inertia, it would be infinitely large at light speeds. Therefore, it would take infinite energy to move it. Light has no mass. It just instantly moves at the speed of 186,000 miles per second as pure energy (670,633,500 miles per hour ).
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- I will use “light” in this review to represent all of the electromagnetic spectrum as well as gravity: light = radio, microwaves, infrared, red light , blue light, ultraviolet, x-rays, gamma rays, and gravity.
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- Gravity is the one force we know least about. I throw it in the mix on the hutch that we will eventually learn that it is similar to the other four forces: electric, magnetic, weak nuclear and strong nuclear forces. The nuclear forces hold the atoms together. Light (i.e.: electromagnetic radiation) is created whenever nuclear forces are broken.
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- Whenever a bond is broken between an electron and a proton in an atom a bundle of light energy is emitted. And, whenever light energy is emitted what’s left behind has a little less mass. Some small amount of mass is always converted to energy according to
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---------------------------------- E = mc^2
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- Even though light itself has no mass, it has energy, the mass that’s left behind becomes lighter. Mass of the electron-proton pair has decreased by the ratio of c^2, 9,000,000,000,000,000 to one. Remember mass and energy are two forms of the same thing.
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- If radiation is absorbed by an atom the same conversion happens in reverse. A black body gets heavier than a white body, because it absorbs more light energy.
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- The speed of light is c = 300,000,000 meters per second,
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--------------------------------- c = 670,000,000 miles per hour
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- Speed of light squared c^2 = 9,000,000,000,000,000 m^2/sec^2,
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-------------------------------- c^2 = 450,000,000,000,000,000 miles^2/hour^2
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- As any mass moves its time begins slowing down. If it moves fast enough its time stops altogether. Time has stopped for light. It knows no time and has no mass. If a mass tries to move at the speed of light it grows to infinite mass and it would take infinite energy to overcome its infinite inertia. Therefore, by deduction, no mass can travel faster than the speed of light.
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- Now, we do not notice this happening to us in our world because we move so relatively slowly. If we could just move faster we could slow down the aging process. Speed makes you younger, (the motion not the chemistry).
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- That is the theory of relativity and it has been proven fact. You are living in a 4 dimension space-time universe. As you move faster time actually slows down for you. Your heart beat and your cell division in your body slow down for you in motion relative to someone sitting still, at rest.
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- Does this mean that Jeff Gordon in his race car is getting younger than the rest of us in the stands. Yes it dose. But, not by much.
- EARTH
------------------------------------ VELOCITY %c YEARS SLOWS
------------- Jeff’s car 200 mph .00003 13,400,000 18 sec
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------------- Jet Plane 500 .00007 5,370,000 47
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------------- Earth’s rotation 1000 .00015 2,605,000 94
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------------- Spaceship 50,000 .00746 53,699 1.3 hrs
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------------- Earth’s speed 67,108 .01 40,000 1.8
------------- around Sun
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------------- Earth-Sun speed 560,000 .08 4,795 14.6
------------- around Galaxy
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------------- Galactic speed
------------- around Universe
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------------- Traveling
------------- 80% light speed 536,000,000 5 3 years
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------------- Lightspeed 670,000,000 4
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- You can see that our normal experiences in velocity just do not go fast enough for us to notice time slowing down even over those great distances to the stars.
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- If I am traveling down the highway at 56 mph and you pass me going 60 mph, then you are going 4 mph faster than I am. Not exactly, you are going 4,000,000,000,0001 mph faster than me. You are going faster, your time is slowing down, your miles per hour are faster as a result.
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- We learn that there are 3 kinds of matter in the Universe: matter, anti-matter, and don’t matter. In our world, our speed is of the third type, it just don’t matter.
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- The fastest space ship traveling at 50,000 miles per hour is one ten-thousands the speed of light(.0075%). Time slows down only one billionth of a second. It would still take 10 years to get to Pluto. But, if the spaceship could continue to accelerate at 1 G it could reach the nearest star in 4 years. You being on the space ship would only have aged 3 years.
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- 1 G , the force of gravity, is the acceleration a falling object has at the surface of the Earth.
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- Once you are moving 99% the speed of light time is slowing down for you.
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- However, if we ever do want to go to the stars we will need to overcome this velocity problem. If we do design a space ship that can accelerate at 1 G constantly and could reach 99% the speed of light here is the result of the slowing of time in reaching the stars.
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--------------------------- TIME ON EARTH TIME ON SPACESHIP
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- Alpha Centauri 4 years 3 years
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- Star with planet 230 11
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- Center of Milky Way 30,000 20
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- Andromeda Galaxy 2,000,000 28
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- What is happening is that part of your motion through time is being changed to motion through space. The combination of the two, space and time, remains constant at the speed of light.
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- We passengers on Earth are 4 years older, but you on the spaceship are 3 years older because you have exchanged some time for some space in the space-time continuum.
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- To get to the nearest star that has a planet would take only 11 years of your life. Leave at age 30 and you are there at age 41. Meanwhile your twin brother on Earth could have died 165 years ago.
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- You could get to the Andromeda Galaxy aging only 28 years. Leave at age 30 and get there at age 58. Return to Earth and arrive at age 86. However, you would find out what Earth would be like 4,000,000 years from now. I doubt you would recognize the place. And, the people there would probably shoot you for being an alien.
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- In order to keep the speed of light constant as we move faster we are exchanging time for space. As we speed up time slows down, space gets bigger. If we were slowing down time would be speeding up and space would be getting smaller.
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- When time is flowing the fastest there is no space left to live in. I like the speed I am living. Speeding up and slowing down at light speeds screws up Mother Nature. Lord knows what would really happen if we could get going that fast?
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- The other consequence of keeping the speed of light constant is that you are always looking into the past. The person you see across the table is what she looked like 2 nanoseconds ago. Now, she probably hasn’t changed much in that time. But still she is older than she looks.
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- Across the 20 foot room she is .02 millionths of a second older. When you look at the Moon you are seeing it as it was 1 second ago. The Sun, 8 minutes ago. The Andromeda Galaxy, 2,000,000 years ago.
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----------------- DISTANCE TIME IN THE PAST
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------------------ 1 foot 1 nanoseconds,
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------------------ 20 feet 0.000,000,002 seconds
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------------------ Moon 1 second
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------------------ Sun 8 minutes
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------------------ Pluto 5.5 hours
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------------------ Alpha Centura 4 years
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------------------ Milky Way Center 30,000 years
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------------------ Andromeda Galaxy 2,000,000 years
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- Before the theory of relativity time and 3-dimensional space were the absolutes. Speed was always relative. Albert changed all that in the year 1911. His equations held the speed of light constant and space-time became relative, regardless of anyone’s relative motion.
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- Time at rest squared = time in motion squared ( 1 - velocity squared)
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- For example if you travel 80% the speed of light, (600,000 million miles per hour) to a distant planet 10 lightyears away it would take you 12.5 years. But that is here on Earth, where time = distance / velocity.
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------------------ T = D / v
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------------------ T = 10 LY / .8 c
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------------------ T = 12.5 years
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- Time = 10 lightyears / 0.8 lightyears per year. Time for the traveler would be the square root of (1-.8^2) = 7.5 years.
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------------------ Tm^2 = Tr^2*(1-v^2)
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------------------ Tm^2 = (12.5 years)^2 * (1-.8^2)
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------------------ Tm^2 = 56.25
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------------------ Tm = 7.5 years
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- The fast traveler is 5 years younger when she gets to her destination 10 lightyears away.
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- The speed of light becomes the conversion factor between space and time. The speed of light squared becomes the conversion factor between energy and mass.
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- What would the world be like without Einstein?
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- Other Reviews about Relativity available by request:
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- 2103 - Not what time you think? A moving person will experience shorter time durations that a stationary person?
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- 2054 - Relativity explained. It starts with all motion is relative. Time and space are a reference frame.
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- 1812 - Blackholes and relativity. Also lists 3 more Reviews.
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- 1803 - Blackholes test Relativity. Also lists 7 more Reviews
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- 1791 - The consequences of Relativity? Lists 7 more Reviews
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- 1790 - Space bends and time slows. Lists 7 more reviews.
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- 1663 The General Theory of Relativity from simple math.
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- 1662 - Relativity for speed readers.
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- 1582 - Pythagorean Theorem to discover Relativity.
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- 874 - Relativity says an object in motion change time and space. Mass changes time and space with gravity. Motion increases mass. Motion slows time and shortens space.
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- 786 - Testing Einstein’s theories.
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- 766 - This simple theory changes everything.
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- Please send any comments, corrections, or recommended improvements to:
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- February 12, 2019 550
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- to: ------- jamesdetrick@comcast.net ------ “Jim Detrick” -----------
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-------------------------- Wednesday, February 13, 2019 --------------------------
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