- 2040 - PHYSICS - Oceans and Molecules. The Sun’s pull on the Earth is 175 times stronger than the Moon’s gravity pull. Escape velocity going up is exactly the same as the impact velocity hitting the Earth coming back down. The Earth loses on average 6.6 pounds of hydrogen and helium molecules every second in the upper atmosphere. These physics questions need careful answers.
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- TO LEARN MORE, CLICK ON ADDRESS BELOW: FEEDBACK ENCOURAGED
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- So much of physics is in our daily lives. Sometimes it challenges our intuition. Sometimes we have trouble explaining observations accurately. We see one thing and physics tells us another. The tides, for example, are explained by the Moon’s gravity pulling on the large mass of the oceans. Or, let’s try to answer the question why the Moon is having that affect and not the Sun that is so much larger mass?
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- We learn that at the ocean shores the tides are controlled by the phases of the Moon , and not the Sun. Even though the Sun’s pull on the Earth is 175 times stronger than the Moon’s gravity pull. By that logic the Sun should be controlling the tides.
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- First we must realize that gravity alone will not make the water move. It is the “difference in gravity” on different parts of the Earth that moves the water.
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- The other difference is the Moon is closer to us and the Sun is very far away. Both follow the same formula:
--------------------------------------- F. = m*M / r^2
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- The Force of Gravity is proportional to the product of the masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
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- The Moon is 3.4% closer to the near side of the Earth versus the far side. That adds up to a 7% difference in the Moons total influence on both sides of the Earth.
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- The Sun is much farther away , 93 million miles versus the Moon 0.24 million miles. That makes the difference of the Sun’s pull on the two sides of the Earth only 0.018%. So the Sun is having a very small affect on the Earth’s tides.
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- The Earth’s gravity is holding on to the Moon. The gravity “differences” again has caused the Moon to rotate only once in each orbit around the Earth. The same side of the Moon is always pointing towards the Earth.
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- Another misunderstood concept has to do with the velocity needed to escape the gravity of the Earth. We need an upward velocity greater than 7 miles per second ( 25,000 miles per hour). This is a one shot deal. It does not apply if you are continually applying rocket power.
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- Escape velocity going up is exactly the same as the impact velocity hitting the Earth coming back down. A baseball going up at some speed will come back down at the same speed, ignoring the drag due to air resistance.
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- A baseball dropped out of an airplane will pick up speed on the way down. It will start its fall at 22 miles per hour for each second it is falling. If you catch it on the ground after 2 seconds it will be traveling 44 mph.
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- Dropped from a higher elevation after 3 seconds it will be traveling 66 mph. That would hurt. ( Again ignoring air resistance ).
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- Raindrops experience air resistance and their maximum speed remains at 22 mph unless they experience wind and tornados. Here is how the falling speed can be calculated when you ignore wind resistance.
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- Falling Speed = square root * (elevation * 64.4) feet per second
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- To get miles per hour multiply feet per second by 0.68.
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- Example : A ball dropped from 1,000 feet elevation:
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------------------- Falling Speed = square root * (1000 * 64.4) feet per second
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-------------------Falling Speed = 253 feet per second
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-------------------Falling Speed = 172 miles per hour
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- Example : A ball dropped from 100 feet elevation:
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------------------- Falling Speed = square root * (100* 64.4) feet per second
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-------------------Falling Speed = 80 feet per second
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-------------------Falling Speed = 55 miles per hour
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-- Example : A ball dropped from 10 feet elevation:
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------------------- Falling Speed = square root * (10* 64.4) feet per second
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-------------------Falling Speed = 25 feet per second
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-------------------Falling Speed = 17 miles per hour
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- So, that is what happens for objects falling to Earth. What about molecules escaping from the other direction in the top of the atmosphere. Molecules zipping around in the upper atmosphere can exceed the escape velocity.
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- In fact, the Earth loses on average 6.6 pounds of hydrogen and helium molecules every second. That may not sound like much but over the course of a year that is 100,000 tons.
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----------------------- ( 6.6 pounds / second ) * (3,160,000 seconds / year)
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--------------------- 200,000,000 pounds per year
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- Now, some of that mass gets replaced by meteorites hitting the Earth. The estimates in meteorite impacts is 50,000 tons per year.
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- According to these calculations the Earth is losing weight. No problem, Mother Earth has plenty of weight left to evaporate.
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- SEVERAL OTHER REVIEWS AVAILABLE ON PHYSICS:
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- 2015. - Quantum Mechanics and the theory of Relativity. This research led to the theory that light photons behave sometimes as particles and sometimes as waves.
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- 2021 - A summary of new discoveries in physics and astronomy.
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- 2009. - Physics wants a “theory for everything“. String Theory has six dimensions of space all curled up attempting to merge Relativity with Quantum Mechanics.
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- 2004. - “The Trouble with Physics” is a book that examines five big problems in physics that have not yet been solved.
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- 2003. - “Too Weird to Ponder“. Examines blackholes and atomic particle physics.
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- 2002. - “Physics the way I learned it“. 8 pages examines all the equations in physics and what they tell us.
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- 1995. - “The Natural Constants“. Lists seven other reviews as well.
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- 1984. - Delving into extreme physics.
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- 1301. - Can bird poop break a car windshield. Four pages of math. Also lists 9 more reviews.
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------------------------- Thursday, March 15, 2018 --------------------------------
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