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--------------------------- - 1948 - Innovations in 2017.
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- What new things are coming in 2017? These inventions will change the world. Just the way transistors, world-wide web, and cell phones have changed the world. Here are six of these innovations.
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--------------------------- (1) batteries
--------------------------- (2) antibiotics
--------------------------- (3) cryptography ( See review #1949 )
--------------------------- (4) robot surgery
--------------------------- (5) satellites that detect and map poverty.
--------------------------- (6) cool clothes
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---------------------------- (1) Batteries
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- Carbon breathing batteries. Electro-chemical batteries could suck carbon out of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and produce electricity. Carbon-sequestering technology used to generate electricity. The battery anode is metallic aluminum. The cathode is porous carbon. Gaseous oxygen and carbon dioxide (air) are injected into the battery cell. The reaction produces electricity and aluminum oxalate.
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- The battery cell takes 1 kilogram of carbon dioxide and produces form 1 kilogram of aluminum electricity and the byproduct aluminum oxalate which is used in cleaning and bleaching solutions. 3.52 kilograms of CO2 are captured for every kilogram of aluminum used removing this greenhouse gas. These new batteries could operate in automobile tail pipes.
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--------------------------- (2) Antibiotics
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- Over use of drugs are making them ineffective. 23,000 Americans die every year from infections that anti-biotics no longer cure. On a world-wide basis that is 10,000,000 deaths a year.
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- Macrolides are the common drug used to treat bacterial infections such as pneumonia, strep throat, ear infections , skin infections, and herpes.
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- Chemists have found a way to break down macrolides into 8 building blocks. They can then reconstruct them into different forms that bacteria are not immune from. They have synthesized more than 300 new compounds. They have been tested in treating 14 different pathogenic bacteria infections.
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- These discoveries have created a new company, “ Macrolide Pharmaceutical” with 500 new compounds. Of these a handful will become practical bacteria fighters.
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--------------------------- (3) Cryptography ( See review #1949 )
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--------------------------- (4) Robot surgery
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- Remote controlled origami robots that are ingestible could perform surgeries from the “inside”. Today operations are laparoscopically done through incisions mere centimeters in size. Now, the next step will use remotely controlled robots to perform the surgeries without any incisions or external tethers. You just swallow the surgeon.
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- The robot is encased in a lozenge of ice. The ice melts, the robot (origami) unfolds. Using heat ( infrared) and magnetic fields the robot can be controlled like joints and muscles. The robot’s body is partially fabricated out of pig intestines ( sausage-casings). It can be directed onto the wound and could patch it. It can even pick up and remove foreign objects. When your 2 year old swallows a safety pin. This is also how kidney stones can be removed.
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--------------------------- (5) Satellites that detect and map poverty.
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- How to conduct an economic survey in poor and conflict prone countries? One indicator is the dark areas in satellite images at night. Areas lit up are usually better off. The trick is to use “ machine learning” on the multitude of images, both daytime and night time. The software can spot improvised areas simply by looking at the daytime images.
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--------------------------- (6) Cool clothes
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- Nanoporous fabric could cool people so they no longer need as much air conditioning. Air conditioners cooling air generate greenhouse gas emissions contributing more than 100,000,000 metric tons of CO2 in the atmosphere in the US every year.
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- Clothing made of nanoporous poly-ethylene lets heat radiation escape, no sweat is required. The fabric’s pores are 500 to 1,000 nanometers diameter. This size, like a door on a microwave oven, lets infrared radiation escape while scattering visible light. Except, this is an opaque fabric. The fabric looks more like a sheet of plastic. This plastic like fabric can be sandwiched between cotton mesh. Micro holes in the fabric can simulate the human skin.
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- As long as the external temperature is lower than your body temperature it will cool you down. These could be ideal uniforms and scrubs for workers in factories and hospitals.
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- Note (1): See Review #1949 to learn about innovations in cryptography.
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----- 707-536-3272 ---------------- Sunday, March 12, 2017 -----
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