- 3059 - NEURAL NETWORKS - doing the thinking for you? One common example of a neural network is your smartphone camera’s ability to recognize faces. Another example is driverless cars which are equipped with multiple cameras to recognize other vehicles, traffic signs and pedestrians using neural networks to turn or adjust their speed accordingly.
--------------- 3059 - NEURAL NETWORKS - doing the thinking for you?
- Neural networks are also behind the text suggestions you see while writing texts or emails, and even in the language translations tools available online.
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- The networks do need to have prior knowledge of something to be able to classify or recognize it. That’s why there is a need to use big data in training neural networks. They work because they are trained on vast amounts of data to then recognize, classify and predict things.
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- In the driverless cars example, it would need to look at millions of images and video of all the things on the street and be told what each of those things is. When you click on the images of crosswalks to prove that you’re not a robot while browsing the internet, it can also be used to help train a neural network. Only after seeing millions of crosswalks, from all different angles and lighting conditions, would a self-driving car be able to recognize them when it’s driving around in real life.
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- More complicated neural networks are actually able to teach themselves how to perform a task after being given basic instructions.
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- Some neural networks can work together to create something new. For example, the networks create virtual faces that don’t belong to real people when you refresh the screen. One network makes an attempt at creating a face, and the other tries to judge whether it is real or fake. They go back and forth until the second one cannot tell that the face created by the first is fake.
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- Humans take advantage of big data too. A person perceives around 30 frames or images per second, which means 1,800 images per minute, and over 600 million images per year. That is why we should give neural networks a similar opportunity to have the big data for training.
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- A neural network is a network of artificial neurons programmed in software. It tries to simulate the human brain, so it has many layers of “neurons” just like the neurons in our brain. The first layer of neurons will receive inputs like images, video, sound, text, etc. This input data goes through all the layers, as the output of one layer is fed into the next layer.
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- For example a neural network can be trained to recognize dogs and cats. The first layer of neurons will break up this image into areas of light and dark. This data will be fed into the next layer to recognize edges. The next layer would then try to recognize the shapes formed by the combination of edges. The data would go through several layers in a similar fashion to finally recognize whether the image you showed it is a dog or a cat according to the data it’s been trained on.
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- These networks can be incredibly complex and consist of millions of parameters to classify and recognize the input it receives.
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- Neural networks were invented in 1943, when Warren McCulloch and Walter Pitts created a computational model for neural networks based on algorithms. Then the idea went through a long hibernation because the immense computational resources needed to build neural networks did not exist yet.
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- Recently, the idea has come back in a big way, thanks to advanced computational resources like “graphical processing units” (GPUs). They are chips that have been used for processing graphics in video games, but it turns out that they are excellent for crunching the data required to run neural networks too. That is why we now see the proliferation of neural networks. More to come.
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February 24, 2021 NEURAL NETWORKS - doing the thinking? 3059
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