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--------------------------------- 2422 - TIME - the Beginning of Time?
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- The Universe has been expanding for 13,700,000,000 years. So, if we run the clock backwards for today’s expansion to the beginning, we get the Universe at a point. This assumes that time is symmetrical. That is, it works the same going backwards as it does in the present and going into the future. If time is not symmetrical than it may have had a random path backwards that we will never know about. Seems unlikely though. Let’s stick with time flying straight as an arrow in both directions.
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- That is to say time does travel backwards in a straight line, straight as an arrow and not in a zigzag path, then 13.7 billion years ago we have the entire Universe compressed into a single point. Space and time disappear into this point, called a “singularity“.
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- All the Universe’s mass and energy would be inside the volume of zero space. The density of the point would be infinity. Math and Physics do not handle infinities. All their formulas fail. There must be different math involved?
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- The idea is analogous to using a magnifying glass to focus light rays on a piece of paper. The math says the focus to a single point would generate infinite energy. A magnifying glass can set the paper on fire but no way is that infinite energy. So the math must be wrong.
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- New math treats light as a wave, not as a ray, or a particle. At the target on the piece of paper is not a point but a bulls-eye. The target is a range of probabilities and statistics are the math needed to do the correct calculations. The target center is surrounded by circles of amplifying and interfering wave fronts. The bulls-eye is a common interference pattern for interfering waves.
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- The Universe concentrating at a point before the Big Bang is called a “singularity“. A singularity is infinite density, inside zero volume, with time coming to a standstill. Blackholes have the same singularities at their centers.
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- These as well must not be points but bulls-eyes of probabilities making the infinities in the math go away. This is where the Theory of Relativity and the Theory of Quantum Mechanics come together. The math for each do not reconcile, but a lot of science is trying to make it reconcile.
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- Blackholes are all around us. A Blackhole is at the center of our Milky Way Galaxy. Has time stopped at all these places? Is this a point of infinite density, or, are the galaxy centers just another range of probabilities? The probabilities not only apply to time but also to energy, momentum, and position?
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- Is our entire Universe inside a giant Blackhole? If time has stopped inside a Blackhole obviously it has started up again. For us time only moves in one direction. This arrow of time is tied to the law of physics called “entropy“.
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- Entropy always increases in a system. Entropy is the tendency of everything to increase in the amount of disorder, or “randomness“. It can not reverse itself. When the egg breaks on the floor its disorder can not be restored to the original egg. There is no such thing as a perpetual motion machine. There is always some loss to heat, or friction. An effect can never precede a cause. Time only moves in one direction.
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- The Universe started with a primordial soup of fundamental particles. As the Universe expanded and cooled particles formed atoms. Atoms formed molecules, hydrogen and helium gas. Gas molecules condensed into stars and planets. Stars condensed into galaxies and Blackholes.
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- All this was created by the force of gravity in the early Universe. Gravity is what holds galaxies together. Most galaxies have a Blackhole in their center. Dark Energy is the force that expands space and is pushing galaxies apart. So, the Universe is being diluted with expansion separating everything like dots on an expanding balloon.
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- Even Blackholes will evaporate into their fundamental particles given enough time. Time ends when there is nothing left to measure it. When the radiation dissipates the only thing left in the Universe is empty space hundreds of billions of years from now.
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- But, what if time just changes speed. Velocity of receding galaxies is measured as distance per unit time. But, what if time is slowing. Velocity would appear to be increasing. We would think the Universe is expanding but actually time is slowing. We could not tell the difference. We say the cause of space expansion is “ Dark Energy”. But, we so not know what it is or how it works. So, could it not be energy at all, just time slowing down?
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- The end of time would be the end of endings. Falling objects are drawn to places where time passes more slowly. This is according to the Theory of Relativity. It is hard to imagine how time could slow down until it ends.
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- But, it is equally hard to imagine time in an expanding Universe not-ending. This is called an “antinomy”, something you can argue both ways, leaving you not knowing what you think.
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- The boundaries of time seem to be the boundaries of our reasoning as well. We need to like time. It gives structure to our world. We would be lost without it. It allows me to write this review.
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- Ok, I’m done. My time is up.
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- Also see Review #1006 - “Is Time Slowing Down?”
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- July 23, 2019 1189
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--------------------- Tuesday, July 23, 2019--------------------
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