- 2678 - BIG BANG - almost did not happen? - The goal of the Big Bang theory is simply to understand the origin and the evolution of the Universe. Basically, how am I here? I read the theory but I have some questions?
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----------------------------- 2678 - BIG BANG - almost did not happen?
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- Here are my questions:
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- If all of the distant galaxies are moving away from us, in all directions, all at the same speed relative to their distances, I must be at the center of the Universe. Right?
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- True, the galaxies are moving away and the more distant the galaxy the faster it is receding, but, this is not the galaxy moving through space. It is space expanding between us. All the galaxies are just riding along a wave of growing space.
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- Light waves traveling through expanding space become stretched out. They get longer wavelengths. And, longer wavelengths have lower energy. Wavelengths shift toward the red end of the spectrum. They become redshifted.
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- The Cosmic Microwave Background radiation left the expanding Universe 380,000 years after it started. The radiation has been traveling through expanding space for 13,300,000,000 years. The Gamma Rays that left in the beginning have been stretched out to Microwave wavelengths that we are receiving now.
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- The radiation started when its temperature was 3,000 Kelvin and it arrives at much lower energy, a thermal energy of only 2.73 Kelvin. During that time the Universe has expanded by a factor of 1,000 and the temperature has dropped by a factor of 1,000.
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- It is space that is expanding and not objects that are moving through space. Since the expansion is the same everywhere it appears to us it is in all directions and we are at the center. We are not. Regardless of where you go inside the Universe it looks the same. We are not special. Everyone things they are at the center.
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- OK, space is expanding, but, what is it expanding into?
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- The Universe can expand without expanding into something. Space itself can curve, warp, shrink and grow without being embedded in something else, without going into some higher dimensional space. That is the answer, but it still does not make sense. I never thought that 3 dimensions could be that mysterious.
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- Was the Big Bang some kind of enormous explosion? True, space and time expanded, grew, and cooled, but, it was not an explosion. The Big Bang was a creation of space and time. It was a creation of matter and energy.
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- An explosion blows things apart. The Big Bang created things. True, the Universe was smaller, hotter, and denser earlier in time. When the Observable Universe was 50% it current size, it was twice as hot and 8 times as dense. When it was 1% its current size it was 100 times hotter. And, when it was 0.00001% its current size it was 273,000,000 Kelvin.
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- At that time it was about as dense as Earth’s atmosphere at sea level. But, it was so hot that all the gas and matter, all the atoms were flying around as free protons and free electrons. Run all this forward in time and things are coming together, not flying apart.
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- Again, running time backwards, what was there before the Big Bang? The Big Bang is when space and time first started. So, the question is what happened before time started? There is no way to know that. In fact, we can not get back past 10^-43 seconds.
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- The theories in physics, relativity, and quantum mechanics all fail to work when the dimensions of time and space become very small, less that 10^-43 seconds.
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- We have four known forces in the Universe, gravity, electromagnetic, strong and weak nuclear forces. When the Universe was 10^-12 seconds old the electromagnetic force and weak nuclear force combined to form a single force. Maybe, going back even further the Electroweak force combines with the strong nuclear force.
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- And, maybe even closer to the Big Bang gravity combined with the other three forces. However, none of our theories or observations work this far back in time. So, we do not know what really happens. Physics can not get us back beyond 10^-43 seconds let alone back to negative time beyond zero.
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- OK, last question. What is on the other side of the Observable Universe? Well, our current theories suggest the answer is more universe. The Universe is 13.7 billion years old. Because light has always , everywhere, traveled at the same speed of 186,000 miles per second, we can see 13.7 billion lightyears in every direction, theoretically. Well that is what you would think.
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- However, while light was traveling for 13.7 billion years the Universe has been expanding. When we see a galaxy that is 13.7 billion lightyears away, at that moment, it is actually 46.5 billion lightyears away. So, astronomers want to say the Universe is 93 billion lightyears across.
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- Saying this causes a problem. The Universe is the same looking in opposite directions. Light could not possibly have traveled between these opposite places. How could they be in thermal equilibrium, every where the same temperature?
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- Astronomers invented the theory of Cosmic Inflation in order to explain how the Universe could be uniform everywhere. This inflation, faster than the speed of light, could have happened when gravity split off from the other three forces.
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- In that instant of time the Universe expanded by a factor of 1,000. This would mean that the Universe is 1,000 times bigger than the Observable Universe. We can never see this part of the Universe because its light will never reach us.
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- As the Universe continues to expand at an ever increasing rate more and more of the Universe will be outside what we can observe. In 100 billion years from now our little Local Group of gravity captivated galaxies will have merged and be all alone in a much smaller Observable Universe.
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- The poor astronomers of the world have a dead end job. In no time there will be nothing to see. Better enjoy it while you can.
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---------------------- Other Reviews available:
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- 2334 - The Expanding Universe. As our Universe expands every cubic centimeter of new space creates invisible energy, called “dark energy“. The energy of expansion increases with time as the average density of matter in the cosmos falls more rapidly toward zero.
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- 2335 - The Universe Almost Didn’t Happen. The Universe is expanding today, so, running backwards in time it must have been denser and hotter than it is today. Gravity is constantly trying to pull all the matter back to a Singularity.
- 2603 - Universe - shape of he Universe. This Review list dozens of other reviews about the Universe. See appendix:
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- March 25, 2020 1127 2678
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