- 1849
- Cosmology -
Energy flows, Chaos ensues. Stuff
happens. Does statistical force create
Nature? - God made Nature having this “natural
instability” . Energy always flows. Chaos ensues.
Instabilities create “ phase changes”.
Is it simply the theory of large numbers. If the numbers and alternatives are large
enough anything can happen.
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--------------- 1849
- Cosmology -
Energy flows, Chaos ensues
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Everything in our world, every atom in our bodies is made of elements
found in the Periodic Table of elements.
There are 92 elements in Nature ranging from the lightest , Hydrogen,
with one proton and one electron to one of the heaviest, Uranium, with 92
protons and 92 electrons.
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Your body is mostly water, made of Hydrogen and Oxygen, H2O, Oxygen with
8 protons and Carbon with 6 protons.
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The two lightest elements, Hydrogen and Helium, were born in the Big
Bang. All the rest of the elements were
made with fusion in the center core of the stars. The early stars were like our Sun but much
larger, maybe 100 Solar Mass. So the
elements in our bodies are essentially the by-products of nuclear fusion.
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-The intense temperatures and pressures at
the core of these large stars molded the elements that were heavier than
Helium. When the fusion furnace ran out
of fuel, there were no lighter elements to fuse into heavier elements, the
fusion stopped, the star collapsed with no radiation to hold it up, the
collapse to the core reacted as a rebound causing the star to explode outward
with enormous force.
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The violent death of a star is called a “ supernova“. The explosion spreads these heavier elements
into space. They have enough gravity to
form clouds of atoms and molecules.
Gathered up by relentless gravity they eventually create another star
causing the whole process to repeat.
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The heavier elements in the bones of your body ( Calcium ) required a
few cycles of these supernovae explosions.
The Big Bang started 13.8 billion years ago. Our Earth has been around for 4.6 billion
years ago. The Sun was another fusion
furnace formed by gravity and the planets were formed by the atoms in the
Accretion Disk that was orbiting our Sun.
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Somehow life swept up a sub-set of these atoms to make the elements
becoming our mortal selves. It all came
from the exploding dust of the stars.
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What could explain this extraordinary complexity forming out of this
total simplicity. Energy flows. Chaos ensues.
Quarks form protons while the Universe accelerates its continued
expansion. Gravity is losing the
game. Dark Energy is winning
accelerating expansion ever faster.
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God made Nature having this “natural instability” . Energy always flows. Chaos ensues.
Instabilities create “ phase changes”.
Like water vapor ( simplicity ) can go through energy flows to produce
snowflakes ( complexity ). No two
snowflakes discovered to date are exactly alike. Snowflakes are complexity in trillions and
trillions of alternatives.
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The Big Bang started with an instability called a “ false vacuum” which
decayed into an “ordinary vacuum” ( I
have no idea what this means, but ?
) The hot plasma of charged particles,
Quarks with positive charges, and
Gluons, force particles that could somehow hold positive like charges together
to form protons. The plasma also
contained electrons and neutrinos. Today
we call this soup the Standard Model of Particle Physics.
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When the Universe expanded and cooled enough Quarks bound together to
produce protons and neutrons. Another
phase transition with neutral atoms, protons and electrons coming together, and
the Universe became “ transparent”.
Light could escape and photons were released to spread electromagnetic
energy throughout all of space.
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Gravity pulled clouds of atoms together to form stars and galaxies. The next instability occurred when Hydrogen
and Helium fused at the core of stars releasing energy that lasted for billions
of years. Our Sun is 5 billion years
old. It should last for 10 billion years. When the fuel runs out the larger stars
release their energy in supernovae explosions.
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Planets like Earth have instabilities and energy flows too. Gravity has pulled the heavier elements into
the core. Water and air as lighter
elements are left on the surface. The
heat from the Sun makes energy flow from the equator to the poles. These energy flows create chemical
laboratories. Complexity ensues in this
chemistry.
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Somehow this complexity and energy flow transformed from chemistry to
biology.
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Today we know that there are at least as many planets as there are
stars. All are dealing with the same or
similar instabilities, complexities, that are constantly evolving. Could life simply be a “ statistical force”
within all this complexity? Is it
simply the theory of large numbers. If
the numbers and alternatives are large enough anything can happen.
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Just like rolling 5 die. Enough
rolls taken will produce 5 sixes. It is simply
the result of statistical force. It is
hard to comprehend. All this came from
star dust. Where did the star dust come from?
I am trying to comprehend it?
Where did I come from? But, somehow
I am here writing this?????
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Request these Reviews to learn more :
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2112 - Cosmological Constant. We know the Universe is expanding at an ever
accelerating rate. We have to fudge
Einstein’s equations in order to explain this.
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1855 - Cosmic Energy Flows. Astronomy studying flows and statistics. Do statistical forces create nature? Are we just the product of large numbers?
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1854 - How do we know Cosmic
Inflation happened? Like a human baby
after conceptions its cells are doubling daily.
After 9 months that is 274 doublings which would weight more than all
the matter in the Universe. Somehow the mother knows better and slows the
growth down to end at 8 to 10 pounds.
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1853 - What caused Cosmic Inflation? There is still not a clear explanation for
why or how it happened.
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1852 - How do we measure Cosmic Inflation? Measurements put us at 13.8 billion years old
with 95% Dark Energy and Dark Matter speckled with galaxies that grew from
gravity from random microscopic fluctuations.
We are in the remaining 5% trying to understand the rest of this stuff.
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1849 - Cosmology -
Energy flows chaos ensues. That
is this Review:
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1775 - Cosmic Evolution. There is irony in the arrogance implied in
our figuring this stuff out. At the same
time it gives us the humility that there is much more to learn.
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1771 - Life is complex. Cosmology is a form of intellectual time
travel. The Observable Universe extends
250 billion trillion miles in every direction.
There is a limit to the faster you go the heavier you get.
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1697 - The story beginning to end. Space began stretching out and carrying
matter along with it. If the current rate
of expansion was always constant the Universe would be 14.7 billion years
old. It was not. Gravity slowed expansion during the first 5
billion years.
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1602 - Cosmology tells us the composition of the
Universe.
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1601 - Cosmology for Dummies. How far has light traveled since the
beginning of the Universe? How did the
Universe’s perpetual motion all start ?
Running time and expansion backwards we arrive at a densely compressed
space filled with radiation energy and subatomic particles.
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1215 - What has happened the past ten cosmological
decades? The Earth is living in the
45,000,000 century. The evenly matched
competition between gravity and entropy allows the Su to exist for 15,000,000,000 years.
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1208 - The evolution of the Universe. A vacuum of empty space contains 10^-26
kilograms of energy per cubic meter.
This is too small to explain acceleration.
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767 - Einstein’s cosmology. The sum total of the photons in the atoms in your feet and in the ground means
you are standing on a light beam.
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759 - The history of cosmology.
By 1998 astronomers are convinced that the expansion of the Universe was
accelerating.
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#713 - The Cosmological Constant. The constant expansion rate today is 0.046107
miles per hour per lightyear. The
Cosmological Constant is just one of dozens of Natural Constants fine tuned for
life to exist.
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50 Cosmology - What then physics
is telling us?
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14 - The Universe is flat. The density is very close to the critical
density where the Universe is neither expanding or contracting. It is in a very sensitive and unstable
condition. The Universe should have grown to extremes by now. What’s going on?
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It is strange astronomy. I’ll
leave you with that.
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- October 20, 2018.
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----- Comments appreciated and Pass it on to
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--- Some reviews are at: -------------- http://jdetrick.blogspot.com -----
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--- to:
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------ “Jim Detrick” -----------
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--------------------- Saturday, October 20, 2018 -------------------------
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